Influence of Fictional Character on Casual Fashion

Influence of fictional character on casual fashion:Abstract: This research paper focuses on the influence of fictional character on day to day fashion. The branding of the companies like Netflix, Disney, Marvel, DC has a lot to do in this. This is the reason that this kind of fashion is not bound to any age group or gender. This fictional character prints or motif can change the value of a simple t-shirt, just because someone likes the character. Keywords: Fandom, Graphic, Fiction, Casual Fashion, Street-wearIntroduction: Human being a very social animal tend to look for pathways to convey its unique ideas to a greater majority. Apart from serious topics such as Politics, Religion and Race, fan-fiction or a talk over people's favourite is considered as a very unique way to establish your physical or virtual identity not among teenagers as well as young-adults. Especially for young-adults who navigate from one place to another during their formative years tend to meet a lot of people. Be it the person you sit next to during class or your roommate, you need to establish a social network because most of us don't want to be considered as eccentric or introverts. Hence a popular television fandom is the only way. The term â€Å"fandom† describes a community of people who bond over a common interest. People following such fandom tend to express themselves in very unique ways. As a result they form a huge market for brands such as free authority who excel at merchandising such television shows and movies. Moreover, there are numerous websites who deal with customised t-shirts which absolutely rely on fan-fiction propaganda. Research Objective:To study the impact of popular television series and movie on Casual Fashion for kids and young-adults. To study the role of branding and merchandising in creating such fandom driven products.Research Method:Research Type: Exploratory research as it tries to explore the market of fandom driven productsData Collection Technique: Data collected will only be secondaryReview of Literature:A fictional character is a person or other being in a narrative of a series,videogames,movie etc. It can be 2 dimensional or 3 dimensional. The term cartoon originated in the Middle Ages and first described a prepare story drawing for a piece of art, such as painting, fresco, tapestry or stained glass window . In 19th century, it came to refer to humorous illustrations in magazines and newspapers. And in early 20th century and on words it refer to comic strips and animated films.The populery which this fictional character got,it influenced fashion in many ways.From a kid to a young adult every one wanted this merchandise. Gupta, S. and Panna, B. (2015). Effect of Cartoon Shows on Kids Fashion. International Journal of scientific research and management (IJSRM), [online] 3(6), pp.1-2. Available at: http://ijsrm.in/v3-i6/27%20ijsrm.pdf [Accessed 15 Apr. 2018]. How Manga and Anime influence Fashionhttp://otapleonehalf.tumblr.com/post/126507841313/how-manga-and-anime-influence-fashionAnalysis and Interpretation:Conclusion: RefernceWilkin, D. (2014). The influential impact of fandoms. Fandoms are indicative of passion and dedication, don't be so quick to judge.. [online] The Diamondback. Available at: http://www.dbknews.com/archives/article_fac2e8e6-3def-11e4-ab37-001a4bcf6878.html [Accessed 14 Apr. 2018].http://ijsrm.in/v3-i6/27%20ijsrm.pdfhttp://otapleonehalf.tumblr.com/post/126507841313/how-manga-and-anime-influence-fashionhttps://www.theguardian.com/fashion/gallery/2015/sep/17/minnie-mouse-how-the-disney-cartoon-influenced-fashionhttp://www.complex.com/style/2012/08/how-90s-cartoons-influenced-todays-style-trends/patterned-shorts

Coca Cola Unethical Business Practices Atricle Essay

Coca-Cola is the largest soda provider in the world. Although it is widely consumed, many people are unaware of its labor violations. The company has come under fire in the last few months for the way in which its workers are treated in Guatemala. The primary source of all the violence is the workers’ union. On February 25, 2010, Coke was sued by those Guatemalan laborers, who claim that they, â€Å"endured a campaign of violence† from the people who worked for the bottling or processing plants owned by Coke (Business Week). This violence took place in Guatemala City. The perpetrators were employed by Incasa, which operated the bottling plant (Business Week). One of the plaintiffs is Jose Palacios, who faced violence after rejoining the workers’ union in 2004. Not only was he shot at and threatened at the bottling plant, but armed men broke into his home and threatened his family (Atlanta Business News). A few weeks after this invasion, in 2005, he was fired without a cause (North American Congress on Latin America). Another plaintiff in the case is Jose Chavez, a prominent union leader. In 2008, after he participated in collective-bargaining activities in Guatemala City, returned home to his waiting family. Upon his arrival, Chavez’s son and nephew were brutally murdered in front of his eyes and his 16 year old daughter was gang-raped (North American Congress on Latin America). This violence was a response to his activity in the union. Coca-Cola has faced legal action by workers before. In 2001, it was sued by union laborers in Colombia for violence against unionized workers. In a statement at Coke’s annual meeting of shareholders in 2005, the company claimed,â€Å"Our company and our bottling partners have been accused of complicity in the murder of union members and the ongoing intimidation of union members and of the suppression of union activity in Colombia. The allegations are not true† (PBS). The company paid more attention to the problem only after an international boycott began in 2003 (Business Week). Ultimately, Coca-Cola and its bottlers were found not guilty and cleared of any wrong-doing by Colombian courts (PBS). When the case was brought to the United States, Coca-Cola fought to have its name removed from the lawsuit and got its wish. Although this has not been widely publicized, the labor violations of Coca-Cola are a prominent issue. Consumers of Coke, and other items produced by corporations with foggy labor practices, have to ask themselves how they can make a difference. Students at colleges across the United States, one being Rutgers Univeristy, have started boycotts of the soda. Rutgers students were successful in their activism, and the university has switched its contract to Pepsi (Killer Coke). A new documentary was released in 2009 called â€Å"The Coca-Cola Case. † It was filmed by German Gutierezz and Carmen Garcia to highlight â€Å"the reality of union busting at Coca-Cola bottling plants in Colombia, Guatemala and Turkey† (Green Muze). This movie reveals the practices of just one of the many multi-national corporations and upon watching it, the consumers will hopefully be inspired to better inform themselves about the products they consume (Green Muze). Here is a link to the trailer for this documentary: The Coca-Cola Case. Coca-Cola is one of the most powerful corporations in the world. Its business practices have to be questioned by the consumer to ensure that labor violations are not being committed.

Heroes and Villains: Explore the ways sympathy for and/or dislike of a character is created in the text you have studied. Essay

INTRODUCTION: In the novella ‘Of Mice and Men’, Steinbeck has used many different language features in order to create such a complex and sophisticated character whom I will be investigating – Curley’s wife. Curley’s wife is a pivotal character. She has been presented as a villain in the early stages of the book and her character seems to unravel as we read on. As a reader, we comprehend the factors which had influenced her actions and how living in a misogynistic society has affected the way she behaves – alternating the way we feel about this character and instead sympathy begins to develop, demolishing all the negativity that was created towards her in the first half of the novella. In this essay I will be exploring the language techniques that Steinbeck uses in order to create both sympathy and dislike for Curley’s wife. DISLIKE: The first time we hear about Curley’s wife is from an unfavourable insight of her when Candy is in conversation with George and Lennie, which Steinbeck portrays through dialogue. We begin to perceive that Curley’s wife is a mean and seductive temptress as â€Å"she got they eye† and it has only been the period of two short weeks that she has been forced into a marital relationship with Curley, and is already beginning to commit signs of deceit. Due to Curley’s wife’s lack of power, she aims to attract the rancher’s attention through her physical appearance as this is the only method of gaining any form of communication with a person on the ranch. This quotation could also suggest that Curley’s wife is a ‘whore’ and has a wondering eye therefore proclaiming that she is a flirtatious, self obsessed and an egotistical woman who has the power to trap men in her very own spiraled web. However, during this time, women w ere seen as an object which held no power or dignity. They were degraded in their society and were only used for the purpose of sex, therefore, females were taught at an early age to behave in this manner to gain at least some form of attention. By demonstrating Curley’s wife’s actions through dialogue in this scene, Steinbeck wanted to introduce the audience to the compulsion that women had to undergo as a result of them being lowly regarded in society. DISLIKE: Additionally, Steinbeck again develops dislike towards Curley’s Wife’s character when she makes her very first appearance. He does this by using symbolism. When she was first presented in the book, â€Å"the rectangle of sunshine in the doorway was cut off† providing a strong indication that Curley’s wife is an extreme threat to George and Lennie’s stereotypical American dream. This can be inferred as the word ‘sunshine’ is referring to George and Lennie’s dream. However, when the violent phrase ‘cut off’ is sequenced straight after the blissful word previously mentioned, negative vibes are echoed as this is symbolising that Curley’s wife will surely cause the destruction of ‘living off the fatta the land’, foreshadowing the potential dangers that are yet to come. An alternative meaning to this quote may be that Curley’s wife is the obstacle that is impossible to overcome in order to accomplish their dream, which has been furnished with small but significant details time and time again. The reader begins to question whether there is an inevitability to the novella’s end†¦ The context that this is relating to is that the slightest of movements of women are powerful enough to completely demolish the good intentions that men may have had of them (which was highly unlikely at the time). Steinbeck wanted the audience to know that Curley’s wife is going to be the reason for George and Lennie’s bad fate that they’ve been destined with. He wanted the audience to acknowledge that women were the only barrier between a man and his dream. However, he also pursues the idea of the futility of the American dream and reminds the reader that the dream will have been left a dream anyhow, and will never have transformed into reality, no matter how hard they try. DISLIKE: In Section two, Curley’s Wife’s description is continued and from this, the author formates further antagonistic feelings towards her through the use of colour imagery and symbolism. She is described as having â€Å"full rouged lips† and that her â€Å"fingernails were red†, and is also wearing a dress with â€Å"red mules†. Curley’s wife’s whole outfit is constantly referred to the colour red and Steinbeck has intentionally, repeatedly mentioned this colour in Curley’s wife’s description to emphasise the significance of it. This clarifies that Curley’s wife is going to be a potential threat to George and Lennie’s dream. She is a sign of jeopardy and Steinbeck is foreshadowing that she will bring harm to George and Lennie’s dream. This  idea can then be confirmed to be rightfully conceived as the colour ‘red’ is also symbolic of danger, aggression and violence. This links to th e woman in weed who was also dressed in red, indicating that Lennie will attack Curley’s wife as she is also dressed in red. Here, Steinbeck is foreshadowing the future of the book. Throughout the novel, we discover that George and Lennie’s dream is indeed shattered because of Curley’s wife. Steinbeck is once again reiterating the futility of the American dream, reminding the audience that not all wishes come true. DISLIKE: Another way in which Steinbeck stimulates dislike for this character is through the use of dialogue. In section four, she says, â€Å"Listen, Nigger†¦ You know what I can do if you open your trap?† This quotation accentuates the fact that Curley’s wife is deliberately making Crooks feel inferior just because he is a ‘negro’. During this time, dark skinned people had no respect or status in society. They were equivalent to the invisible atmosphere. Meanwhile, women were also socially degraded and to be in the circumstance of living in a misogynistic society and being the only woman on a ranch full of men, it was not the ideal place for a woman. Hence, Crooks was the only person on the ranch that Curley’s wife claimed more power over, which is the reason to her offensive behaviour. We feel hatred towards Curley’s wife as she has deliberately singled Crooks out, threatened him, and is now humiliating him in front of people who alrea dy consider him to be of minor existence. By portraying this negative aspect towards Curley’s wife, Steinbeck wanted to show that the only person Curley’s wife seemed the slightest of superior towards, was to the most degraded person on the ranch – Crooks. The author also pursues the idea of power in this scene. SYMPATHY: Conversely, Curley’s wife is also presented as lonely and isolated and Steinbeck depicts this through foreshadowing and animalistic imagery. When Curley’s wife is first presented in the novella, it says that her dress is designed with â€Å"little bouquets of red ostrich feathers†. The fact that Steinbeck has included the word ‘ostrich’ in his description of Curley’s wife’s first appearance, it proposes the idea that Curley’s wife is trapped as an ostrich is a bird that is incapable of flight and Curley’s wife too, is captured in a prison, from which she cannot escape. Steinbeck has chosen  to make a resemblance between Curley’s wife and the ostrich to symbolise that she is in a relationship with an arrogant man and is unhappy with her life – yet it is impossible to withdraw from, likewise the ostrich being unable to fly. This idea associates with the event of her death which takes place in Sectio n five. The quote, â€Å"a pigeon flew in through the open hay door† is possibly suggesting that death was the only way of escaping her unfortunate and miserable life. This can be inferred as the author is now relating her to a pigeon which is a bird that can fly, therefore implying freedom. SYMPATHY: Furthermore, Steinbeck again creates sympathy for Curley’s wife by introducing her maternal side when she is talking to Lennie in the barn. Steinbeck does this through the use of calm and comforting adjectives. In the novella, it states that â€Å"she consoled him† and she also â€Å"moved closer to him† and spoke â€Å"soothingly†. All the words utilised in this phrase are a clear portrayal that Curley’s wife is in fact a very cordial and affectionate woman and is only forced to act the way she does due to her loneliness and desperation of the desire to speak to someone. An alternative meaning may be that she is genuinely a very nice person but cannot project her true character due to the perceptions that have already been made of her as she is a woman. Steinbeck wanted to show the audience that men in a misogynistic society had always been prejudice about women and women were disadvantaged as a result of that. They were unable to be seen as nothing but a ‘tart’ or a ‘bitch’ which is exactly how Curley’s wife was viewed. She was branded with these titles and no one ever payed attention towards the consistence of her personality hidden beneath her physical appearance. SYMPATHY: Steinbeck creates a compassionate feeling towards Curley’s wife as we come to learn about her dream in Section five. She is illustrated as a very innocent character and Steinbeck does this through the use of dialogue. In the revelation of Curley’s wife’s dream, we learn that she wanted to be an actress. She says, â€Å"He said he was gonna put me in the movies. Says I was a natural.† This quotation indicates that Curley’s wife was very naive as she was unaware that the man was only using her to fufil his own satisfactions. He had no intention of making her an actress and simply used  her for his desires. However, Curley’s Wife was too innocent to understand disloyalty and deceit that she instead, blamed her mother for not receiving the letter she was promised. An alternative reason may be that she was too engrossed into her dream that she was in denial to accept the fact that the repulsive man was a fraud with no sense of emotion, and had only taken advantage of her as she was vulnerable and young. The author creates sympathy for Curley’s wife in this scene as she still believes that she would have been an actress if it weren’t for her mother. She is ignorant to the truth as a result of her innocence and is not ready to accept the facts. Steinbeck reiterates the idea of the futility of the American dream as once again, another dream has gone down the drain. Steinbeck wants to show the audience that the American dream will always remain a dream regardless of how much effort is made to fulfil it. SYMPATHY: The final departure of Curley’s wife from the book is completed with a content description of her in death. Steinbeck creates affectionate emotions towards Curley’s wife by using innocent descriptive words. She is described as â€Å"pretty and simple† and â€Å"sweet and young† and to be â€Å"sleeping very lightly†. The descriptive words in these quotes have been chosen under the specification of contentment and youth. We feel sympathy for Curley’s wife as Steinbeck once again reminds the readers of Curley’s wife’s innocence which emphasises that Curley’s wife did not truly deserve death. Alternatively, the words ‘pretty’ and ‘simple’ are often used to describe youthful people and for the first time in the book, Curley’s wife was described like this, rather than a ‘tart’, therefore suggesting that Curley’s wife is not what we had initially thought she was. Th is contrast is extremely significant as it shows us the transition of the two different perceptions that were made of her throughout the novel. However, even after the death of Curley’s wife, the ranchers were only silent due to the devastating shock they had received. But within minutes, the silent mourning had ended as the men had realised that they need to move on. Life during The Great Depression was like a cycle. If one worker was fired, another took his position. Similarly, Curley’s wife was replaceable. Steinbeck wanted the audience gain knowledge of the hardships of the women living in a misogynistic society, and of the men struggling through The Great  Depression. CONCLUSION: In conclusion, Steinbeck presents Curley’s wife as both a hero and villain. Steinbeck manipulates the readers making it seem as if Curley’s wife is at fault. Before we even meet Curley’s wife, snide comments are made by the ranchers. She is called a ‘tart’, ‘looloo’ and ‘she’s got the eye’. This shows that Steinbeck wants us as the reader to dislike her. However, it is only in section five that we learn about her maternal figure, youth and innocence. This leaves the reader with the option of whether to dislike or feel sympathy for her. Finally, we never learn her name, and this stops us from empathising with her, and we begin to develop sexist views that she is less than the other characters, which will have been perceived at the time.

Carbon Capture Technology Not Ready to Limit Carbon Emissions Essay

Carbon Capture Technology Not Ready to Limit Carbon Emissions - Essay Example ective system is needed for the proper and flawless storage of Carbon Dioxide if this technology is to be used globally on large scale (Al-Fattah & Duncan, 2011). Storage Issues The storage of CO2, along with the capture, on the other hand, is a relatively a new concept and hence not very effective as yet. This makes CCS inefficient because there is no point of capture if there is no storage mechanism available for the technology. More recently, Carbon capture tanks have been developed and they are employed for storage but they are very expensive and not easy to develop, use and maintain (Hester et al, 2010). Energy consumption Issues Another reason for CCS’s not being ready for usage yet is the energy that it requires to run. The capture and compression of CO2 requires a lot of energy, and this result in raising the running costs of CCS-equipped power plants. The process results in the increase energy needs of a plant by about 10-40%. This extra consumption of energy has rais ed many eyebrows in industrial world because with this new technology, instead of improvement in their produce, they have to invest even more in this extra consumption of fuel. This is a very important obstacle that has kept industrialists from employing this technology in their systems (Hester et al, 2010). Cost related issues of the technology CCS is a very expensive technology and this is also a reason why it is not ready for usage on large scale. As this technology is in its experimental stages, it is not very economical. The equipment and plants made for CCS are very expensive both in building and in later usage. With the passage of time, this obstacle may be removed by employing cheaper techniques and materials for building and running CCS equipments but so far it is not possible and this... In a nutshell, CCS is a very novel technology and as yet it is not flawless. There are many flaws in the system and operation of CCS and that is why it is not ready for use on large scale. With high fuel and energy consumption it becomes a very expensive technology. This makes it inefficient for large scale usage. Concerns regarding its role in promoting pollution have contributed towards making this development a controversial issue. For this reason, more effective and cost-friendly equipment should be developed aimed at reducing pollution in the environment. When effective technology is available, legislation to enforce application of this technology at industrial level may increase its demand on international level, so much so that the cost of equipment may get reduced. This will allow greater acceptability of the technology by industrial sector; thus contributing towards a healthier and green environment globally. It should be kept in mind that any technology in its nascent stage s is far from perfect; as human knowledge evolves, the technology becomes a masterpiece.

If Gold Prices Are The Same Everywhere, Then Why Arn't House Prices Essay

If Gold Prices Are The Same Everywhere, Then Why Arn't House Prices - Essay Example Using the basic economic supply and demand curve, it is easier for us to examine how prices and available supply affects the existing market behavior. To enable us to understand the major factor that make the prices of gold remains the same over time but not the housing prices, the history of the global trading system will first be tackled. Using the theories of microeconomics, significant changes within the domestic markets that contributes to the changes in the market value of houses will be thoroughly discussed. Between the years 1879 to 1934, trading of goods between two countries occurred using of the gold standard which enabled traders to pay goods and services in exchange with the quantity of gold (McConnell & Brue, 2004: p. 478). Since the value of gold remains the same in each country, there was officially a fixed exchange rate all over the world. Eventually, the use of fixed exchange rate resulted to a negative international demand shock since the prices goods from one country to another remains the same (Eichengreen, 1996). The global economic depression that happened back in 1930s changes the concept of having fixed exchange rate. (McConnell & Brue, 2004: p. 479) In order to promote free competition within the domestic and global trading markets, some nations have considered making the cost of exportation cheaper by devaluating their currency against the real value of gold. As part of strengthening the adjustable-peg system which was introduced under the Bretton Woods System1, each country agreed to accept gold and the US dollar as the benchmark for international reserves since the US was able to accumulate the biggest supply of gold as compared with other countries (McConnell & Brue, 2004: p. 480). As a result, the agreed equivalent of gold in terms of the US dollar is US$35 per ounce (Bougrine & Seccareccia, 2004). Aiming to avoid economic bias

Regression Analysis Statistics Project Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Regression Analysis - Statistics Project Example The GDP of the UAE is the dependent variable, Y while the Exports and the imports of the UAE will be the dependent variables in the analysis (X1 and X2 respectively). The Pearson’s analysis of the relationship between the GDP and the Exports of the UAE (at 0.05 significant level) reveals that the Pearson’s correlation index, Ï =0.713. Comparing Ï  (Correlation index) to the significance level formulated during the analysis reveals that Ï Ã‹Æ'0.05. This infers that the correlation is not statistically significant. The statistical inference that can be made from the data used in this study thus reveals that the fact that imports in UAE have a positive relationship with the GDP occurred simply by chance. The sample data used in the reflection of the GDP of the country versus the indices of the experts do not reflect the occurrence when the whole â€Å"population data† was used. At a statistical level of 0.05, the analysis of the two variants, the GDP, and the imports of UAE reveals that Ï  is greater than the significance level, 0.05. When Ï Ã‹Æ' 0.05 (Statistical significance level) it infers that the correlation between the two variables is not statistically significant. This assertion means that the observation from the samples analyzed (the data from World Development Index) does not explicitly outline the relationship between the imports of the UAE and the GDP of the UAE. The multiple regression analysis estimates the coefficients of the linear equation especially in the cases where more than one independent variable exists.

Labor Economics Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Labor Economics - Term Paper Example This is because the poor did not have enough time to invest as the rich people in the American populations. It affected women and black Americans the most because they were poor before the economy of America grew (Schiller, 2004). The inequality happened from a long time ago because of the change in the labor market. This is because the people that worked as skilled laborers in the early 1970 received a substantial pay. This was in contrast to money received by the unskilled laborers. The income inequality increased over the years, and this is what made the skilled laborers rich and the unskilled poor. The international trade is to blame for the increase in the outcome imbalance (Blinder, 2011). This is because the trade led to the increased cost of products, which reduced the profits of the companies. This led the companies to lay off some of its employees and many unskilled laborers lost their jobs. Technology also led to the imbalance because with the use of better machines unskilled laborers had no work to do in a company. Therefore, they lost their jobs as the machines replaced what they did in the company. People came to the realization that they had to receive a decent education to secure a reasonable job. This made the companies get many skilled workers and the gap increased between income of the skilled laborers and the unskilled laborers. However, the growth of income inequality has produced beneficial results more than the bad results. This is because the gap that developed amid the rich and the poor motivated people to work harder. When the economy of America grew significantly, the rich people received a larger salary, and this is especially those who had high education qualification. The poor people received less pay, and they constituted the people that had low education qualification (Blinder, 2011). This then made those who had less qualification in education to work harder in their places of work.

For an organization to achieve its business strategy, leadership and Essay

For an organization to achieve its business strategy, leadership and management development is key - Essay Example The roles of both the leaders and managers require training and support so as to make best use of their effectiveness. Leadership and management development involves different practices that are necessary for making the best use of a companys human resource (Storey 2004). Training of employees helps to offer critical skills and information that will catapult an organization to a higher level and compete with other organizations effectively. Leadership and management development is important to businesses because it gives the owners of the business an opportunity to the performance of employees. Training of managers will positively influence employees within a company or business (Fulmer 2007). Leadership and management development enables a business to provide managers with the skills and capability necessary for their respective tasks and make the business succeed. A company that boasts of an effective leadership and management development programs improves the productivity of workers since the programs allow the workers to be motivated. Motivated employees will lead to higher productivity hence the success of the organization. The internal development allows an organization to furnish its employees with the right skills that the organization needs instead of generalizing skills (Fulmer 2007). Employee development helps to retain younger managers who may require an opportunity to grow through training with the organization. Many companies train talented employees on different facets of their jobs, although a section of them may not succeed in providing personal support to the employees. To avoid making such mistakes, managers ought to take a keen interest in the future of their juniors by mentoring them. Young employees need guidance from experienced leaders so as to avoid making mistakes when they must make a decision for the organization. Socialization programs such as offering mentorship can familiarize new leaders with the vision,

The Production of M. Butterfly and the Reflection of Culture Essay - 1

The Production of M. Butterfly and the Reflection of Culture - Essay Example Criticisms towards M. butterfly range from arguments or debates over an illustration of sexualities and ethnicity, Orientalism politics, theatre to performance theories. As such, this essay explores and analyzes the production of M. Butterfly and ways through which the play manifests Asian scenic designs, tales, costume designs, movements, and sounds to the whole world. The play incorporates various Asian elements. For instance, the stage design has a hanamichi, the actors wear Japanese traditional clothes and the storyline depicts the notion of an Asian woman who is slender, beautiful and submissive. Additionally, M Butterfly employs the element of cross-dressing which is a Chinese characteristic commonly used by Beijing opera actors. All these elements in the play represent Asia. Madama Butterfly by Giacomo Puccini inspired David Hwang into writing the M. Butterfly play. Hwang based his play on a true story. Renne Gallimard, the protagonist works as a civil servant in the French Embassy in China. The protagonist falls in love with Song Liling, the Chinese opera diva while in the process of watching Madama Butterfly. They immediately establish a love relationship that proceeds to last more than two decades. The end of the love passion comes when authorities sentence Gallimard of treason with subsequent imprisonment. To his surprise, the protagonist discovers that the purported lover was a man and a government investigator. Gallimard commits suicide for failing to accept the truth. The play by Hwang has three acts. Act 1 has thirteen scenes whereas Act 2 has seven and three scenes in the last Act. M. Butterfly presents a fictionalized story of a French diplomat who was in a relationship with an Asian, specifically Chinese singer for more than twenty years without actually knowing that his beautiful obedient and submissive lover was actually a male. Gallimard views himself as being clumsy when it comes to love. However, he considers himself  blessed since he has a devoted beautiful and exotic woman (Liling Song).  

Special Interests Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Special Interests - Essay Example They work to elect politicians who can understand their cause and have sympathy for them. Also the role is to involve people who can conduct secret and at times, open propaganda campaigns. There are a number of interest groups prevalent within any society. These comprise of the economic associations which can include trade unions, chambers of commerce and industries and some religious bodies. Then there are the professional associations which have within their fore architects, doctors, lawyers and certain other professionals (Tilt, 1994). The third type of interest group is made up of public interest groups where the inclusion is of friends of environment with a single aim towards benefiting people beyond their mere memberships. The fourth is a special interest group which is essentially a subgroup that is formed within the framework of a bigger group and that emphasizes upon a narrow interest scope. Interest groups try their best to defend a status quo and to maintain it over a peri od of time. It is for this reason that interest groups are hailed differently from the pressure groups. These interest groups have a properly defined intention behind their formation and this is the reason why they are openly advocated for by their proponents and supporters. These individuals feel that these interest groups represent what they would like to suggest to all and sundry, as well as depict the truest picture for their own sake as far as the societal manifestations are concerned. Interest groups are always seen with an eye of skepticism because they have their own intentions to look after. Moreover, the manner under which they exist raise quite a few opinions on the part of the people. Some of the examples related with these interest groups are the National Rifle Association (NRA), People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA) and many more. These interest groups rely on the people within the society to make up their vital opinion and hence come forward. As a case in point, NRA has an interest within the opposition of anything that is anti-arm and is thus a complete defender of the Second Amendment’s rights (Kleiner, 2002). On the other hand, PETA empathizes with the animals and solicits the response of the people within a community to come up with ethical solutions so that moral grounds could be founded for the animals in order for their survival domains (Pizam, 2008). Hence the role of these interest groups is of immense significance within this day and age as they mold public opinion and look to form a basis for critical issues that plague a society in one way or the other. It would be true on the part of the society to liaise with the interest groups so that the collective endeavors can have a long-lasting impact on the realms of the society and its inmates can heave a sigh of relief from the pressing issues, cropping up every now and then. There are a number of examples with regards to these interest groups but what remains importan t is their effort to set things right within the terrains of a society. If this happens, then interest groups will serve their purpose well. However, if this is not done in an adequate manner, then there are serious concerns with their formation in the first place. 2. Discuss the relationship between interest groups and political parties. The relationship between interest groups and political parties is one of significance.  

Special Education Research Critique Essay Example for Free

Special Education Research Critique Essay REFERENCE Rickson, D. J., Watkins, W. G. (2003). Music therapy to promote prosocial behaviors in aggressive adolescent boys A pilot study. _Journal of Music Therapy, 40_(4), 283-301. PURPOSE The hypothesis of this research study was to determine if music therapy would help promote prosocial behaviors in aggressive boys. These subjects have different social, emotional, and learning disorders. METHOD The subjects were selected from a group of 88 young boys who have intellectual, social, and emotional deficits. These boys were enrolled in a special education facility in New Zealand. The students who started before May 2000 and after March 2001, which was 49 students, were not included because of the likelihood of them leaving before the study was completed. This left a remaining 39 students. These students were given the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) test. A total of 21 students were excluded due to lack of aggressiveness and already gone through musical therapy. Researchers were left with 18 boys whose ages ranged from about 11 years and six months to 15 years and three months. These subjects had an extreme measure on the CBCL test. 12 of the boys were already diagnosed with Attention Deficit Disorder (ADD) or Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Of the 12, five had a dual diagnosis which included Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD) or Conduct Disorder (CD). Four had a general developmental delay and two had a head injury along with depression. About half of the boys were taking psychotropic medication. They were randomly assigned into two music groups of six and one control group of six. One subject was suspended right after the therapy began. Another quit after a few minutes into a session. Also, one more was suspended from school after one session due to extreme  disruptive and aggressive behavior. A total 15 students completed the treatment. The treatment was the participants were placed into different music groups. In the music groups, the students would do different musical activities and express themselves through music. RESULTS There was an increase in disruptive and aggressive behavior in Group 1. This is a negative result due to the treatment. Group 2 had no changes in behavior. Group 3 also had little to no change in their behavior at school. AUTHORS CONCLUSION No significant statistical differences were found after the treatment was completed. Because there was no difference, there can be no definitive conclusion to be made by the author. Some social workers did record small improvements that were interesting and could lead to further study. They noted that the subjects were not as aggressive as they were before the research study. The author would also like to try to do another study but have it be based on a specific diagnosis of the subject. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS The usefulness of this treatment is very minimal. The results after the treatment was conducted were negative or neutral overall. If I were to try and implement it into a classroom environment, I am not sure if it will be helpful in any way. CRITIQUE I feel like this study not fully prepared or researched. The researchers did states their hypothesis, addressed the results, and the sample size. But the treatment itself was not successful. The sample size for this kind of treatment should have been bigger than just 15 students. The researchers could have gone and tested other schools or even elementary and high school.  A sample size of 15 subjects cannot represent 100 subjects. In conclusion, this musical treatment study was not well planned out.

Statement of Purpose Essay Example for Free

Statement of Purpose Essay My objective for graduate studies in Science is to prepare myself for the long term goal of pursuing a career in teaching and research. I have chosen to work in the area of Science which requires good Mathematical and Computer Science background. This decision will give me ample opportunity to consolidate my creative energies. My education suits this field as I have a Bachelor’s of Science with Honors in the field of Mathematics. I started teaching as soon as I finished BS (Honors) Mathematics in 2007. I taught Mathematics, Physics and Computer Science subjects to high school students, and greatly enjoyed this work. I live in Gujranwala, which is the seventh largest city of Pakistan. My surrounding has profound impacts on me. The social, economic and political instability in the region has stimulated me to play my part in the development of the people. Teaching gives me a sense of constructive participation in the region by giving others an intellect and funneling their energies in the constructive direction. At undergraduate level, I have studied courses both, analytical as well as numerical methods for Mathematical Modeling and Simulation, and Numerical Solutions of Ordinary Differential Equations and Partial Differential Equations with Analytical solutions. I have learned and developed capabilities of programming using C/C++, Matlab and Mathematica. Moreover I have studied subjects in Physics, Mechanics, Quantum Mechanics, Fluid Mechanics, Analytical Dynamics and Computer Networks. Pakistan is a developing country with insufficient experts in science. To serve the needs of this industry, science needs to be developed and used. Thus conditions here are very conducive towards an application of my aspirations, when I return after completing my graduate studies. I would consider it my privilege to be able to pursue my graduate studies in Sweden and avail the excellent infrastructural facilities and research opportunities offered by university. I am sure that the stimulating academic environment and interaction with the distinguished faculty at university will prove immensely fruitful and facilitate my development as an individual researcher in my field.

Effective Management Action Plan

Effective Management Action Plan The report aims to help understand distinct management competencies skills possessed and develop an Action Plan for effective management by taking the Personal Assessment of Management Skills (PAMS) test located in Carlopio and Andrewarthas textbook Developing management skills: A comprehensive guide for leaders, (2012). A 6 choice Likert scale questionnaire of PAMS test helped in determining the strengths and weakness associated with each of the skills. To triangulate the analysis of competent skills, feedback from manager, co-worker and friend also assisted in final decision-making process. The following graph represents the results of PAMS, which helped me and the mentors to rate my skills and decide to describe the two competencies, which need to be focussed.   Ã‚   In assessing self-awareness competency, I scored 68% comparatively lower than other competency skills. It wasnt that I in sighted it as a weakness but due to the importance of skill in day to day life I wish to focus on improving it further since it determines emotional intelligence which relates to being smart, healthy and contented. The good was that I did reflect on incidents and tried to analyse shortcomings but the barrier was an image created whenever things went wrong and was not ready to accept wrong things and the same was hindering my personal growth. This was a major issue where everyone wanted me to work build self-confidence and inculcate positive sense of self-worth. 1) LITERATURE REVIEW: Self-awareness is the ability to read and understand our emotions as well as recognise the impact on work-performance relationship. Self-awareness is crucial for productive interpersonal and personal functioning as it helps to understand and empathise people. It helps to acquire knowledge about underlying dimensions of personality and is associated with human behavioural skills of work performance, problem solving, creativity, motivation and life satisfaction (Goleman (1998b: 14)). The five core aspects of self-awareness are Emotional Intelligence, Values, Cognitive Style, Attitude towards Change and Interpersonal Style, which capture all the essential aspects of personality (Allan Waclawski 1999; Atwater Yammarino 1992; Goleman 1998a, 1998b; Parker Kram 1993; Sosik Megerian 1999). Hence being self-aware is being smart, knowing and well managing feelings, utilizing them to make good decisions, motivating with zeal and persistence, maintaining hope in face of frustration, exhibiti ng empathy and compassion, interacting smoothly and maintaining relationships in all walks of life. (Goleman (1998b: 14)) 2) SKILL DEVELOPMENT ACTIVITY: My deficiencies rooted from the fact I was quick in assuming things in which sometimes I missed on facts and was rigid of my judgement. So to develop the shortcomings not being judgemental after things do not work out and moving on accepting things and change is on priority in my to do list. In addition, the focus was to ensure all the facts and never assume things and take a quick decision based on incomplete assumptions. I started maintaining a reflective journal for the whole semester and would describe the situations and improvements, discuss them with my mentors to achieve long-term strategic improvement. 3) ASSESSMENT OF SKILL DEVELOPMENT: During the final week of the semester I would again complete the evaluative surveys on Self Awareness in Carlopio and Andrewarthas textbook Developing management skills: A comprehensive guide for leaders, (2012), page 124 and believe that there would be a significant improvement in my scores reflecting that issues of being rigid and over judgemental have been ameliorated. Building effective teams is a group competency and I feel the need to master the skill since I aspire to become a successful Project Manager. The score for this skill from PAMS test by individual assessment was 70%, whereas peers and mentors graded around 74%. One of the reasons being, in case of difficult team members I usually end up taking their tasks and completing on time. However, gradually have realised to have a group mindset and encourage member contribution by group inspiration and motivation. 1) LITERATURE REVIEW: Paying attention to conflict situations (Bakken, E. (2007)) and making sure it resolves within the meeting and implementing four Ps of effective meeting for preparing and conducting meeting, before every group assignment meeting (Carlopio, J., Andrewartha, G. (2008)). Purpose: The reason for organizing a meeting should by clearly communicated amongst team members by circulating meeting agenda, which will help team members come, prepared for meeting. Participants: Depending on the purpose of meeting the right number of people and type of participants (homogeneous- heterogeneous, competition- cooperation, task process are invited. Planning: To ensure that the meeting is productive and efficient, everyone should be prepared for the meeting agenda, which is well structured as per the common rule and leads to final decision. Process: Process is defined as actual conduct of meetings with seven steps stated as follows: 1) Review 2) Introduction 3) Discussion of Ground Rules 4) Report 5) Display 6) Participation 7) Summarise. 2) SKILL DEVELOPMENT ACTIVITY: I plan to maintain a diary on daily basis. After team allocations, I will then analyse my actions during the task by writing down and reflect on these five questions; How successful was the building an efficient team from my point of view? How did the others respond to mine team-building decisions? Was there any conflict? What modifications can I make next time according to own feelings and from the feedback of my co-workers? In what ways can I contribute to make my team better at work? How can I improve my interpersonal relationships with difficult team members, which could be by analysing their attitude in order to encourage them to participate? Also need to follow the 4 Ps principle to ensure active participation of each team member, no stress to anyone in team, motivate the team to achieve goals and effectively allocate teammates by identifying the strengths and weakness and assuring that teams are competent to work virtually as well as in office. 3) ASSESSMENT OF SKILL DEVELOPMENT: During this semester, I have a chance to be a part of team and would do my best to be an efficient team player as well as be chosen to lead by vote. This will inculcate in me a sense of confidence to build effective teams for future work. Also would take the evaluative assessment again to ensure team-building skills have been significantly improved. (Allan Waclawski 1999; Atwater Yammarino 1992; Goleman 1998a, 1998b; Parker Kram 1993; Sosik Megerian 1999). Bakken, E. (2007). Twelve ways to build an effective team. Ceridan Corporation. Carlopio, J. Andrewartha, G, 2012.   Developing Management Skills: A comprehensive guide for leaders. Pearson Australia Goleman (1998b: 14)

Industrial Revolution Essay -- essays research papers

2. INTRODUCTION During the second half of the 17th century, there were a drastic breakthrough in mainly Great Britain’s, but gradually the rest of the worlds development, that would lead to radical changes in peoples lives, working relations and environment. Industrial revolution was so fundamental that it’s often compared with the transition from farming to stock raising, which began several thousand years before the birth of Christ. Considering the uses of natural resources, can human history be dived up into three pieces of varying length; hundreds of thousands years before â€Å"the agricultural revolution†, thousands of years between this and the Industrial revolution and the two hundreds years after the beginning of Industrial revolution. Before Industrial revolution, man did the most work in society. During 17th century people started to invent machines. Accompanied by changes in agriculture, science and the treatment of people, the Industrial revolution shaped a new kind of life. 2.1 Limitations I, sometimes have difficulties to draw limits. When it comes to such big and wide subject as the Industrial revolution, it is of course very difficult to write and understand it all. It is also difficult to decide what is important enough to bring in the essay and what you should omit. Therefor I decided to write a rather comprehensive job. I haven’t focused on any particular part, but written what, when, how and why the Industrial revolution is /occurred. 2.2 Aims I want this essay to contain as much information as possible of the Industrial revolution or â€Å"Second wave† as it is also called, on the few pages that I will write. 3. REVIEW OF SOURCES I have only written this essay based on written material. I have used a lot of information from the Internet, but also from a very good book called â€Å"The Industrial Revolution in World History† written by a professor called Peter N. Stearns. If I decided to write a part from one book, or from an Internet site, I always compared it with another source, to see the differences and similarities. Dictionaries are often very sweeping in the subject, and there are both good and bad sides about that. I have decided also to write the centuries in Swedish form. So 17th century is in our time scale â€Å"sjuttonhundratalet†. 4. RESULTS 4.1 The beginning A Revolution doesn’t mean only changes and development. It means rapid change... ...ution. The problem of how to move the increasing quantities of factory produced goods to distant places was solved by improvements in transportantions. In contrary to many other countries were the state produces the most communications, England’s railroads, roads, and canals, were often financed by private persons or companies. Also Englands biggest need for better transportations was’t because of military needs, but for commersial needs. 1820-1830 was the years of the most successful railroads. The canals that were built, were pariculary in north England. Farm owners and industry owners made canals from waterdrains. The canals gave excellent transport possibilities, and could often halften the costs 4.5 Industrial revolution in the world The Industrial revolution rapidly affected the whole world Because the Indusrtal revolution first appeared in west , it most often also connected to there. It also both connected and divided different continents and parts of the world. The Industrial revolution formed one of the most central of human history. It brought wirh it bobth advantaged and disadvantages. It’s started and constatly continuing. We still adjust ourselves to it’s effects.

To Kill a Mockingbird by Harper Lee :: To Kill a Mockingbird Essays

To Kill A Mockingbird In the novel, To Kill A Mockingbird, a character Atticus states; â€Å"Courage is when you know you’re licked before you begin, but you begin anyway and see it through no matter what.† Throughout history, there have been many courageous people who have strongly demonstrated the quality of courage. Courage is a reoccurring theme that Harper Lee chooses to emphasize throughout To Kill A Mockingbird that many of her characters pursue as a strong quality. However, courage is proven to be most evident through Atticus, Scout, and Calpurina. Atticus is truly a man of courage. Throughout, To Kill A Mockingbird he has to face many situations where a courageous decision is needed in order to help someone very important. Although there are many characters that are against Atticus’ decisions, he still tries to see them through knowing that the odds of succeeding are weak. Atticus definitely defines courage when he makes the decision to represent a Negro named Tom Robinson, in court. Unfortunately, many people in the town of Maycomb are prejudice and look down upon Atticus for choosing to do so. However, Atticus knowing how strongly people feel about his decision for defending a black man feels that it is something he must do. A quote from the novel symbolizing his courage is found where Jem and Scout are asking Atticus why he is defending Tom Robinson: â€Å"Every lawyer gets at least one case in his lifetime that affects him personally. This one’s mine I guess.† This quote represents his courage because it shows that he has a responsibility and is going to do the best job he can even when he understands that the odds are against him. Atticus also displays courage when he tells Scout that you shouldn’t judge someone until you have been in his or her shoes. A quote showing this is found where Scout explains to Atticus about her day’s misfortunes at school and how Miss Caroline tells her that she was taught the wrong way by her father: â€Å"First of all, Scout if you can learn a simple trick, you’ll get along a lot better with all kinds of folks. You never really understand a person until you consider things from his point of view.† This quote further explains his courageous qualities because it shows that he doesn’t believe in judging others until you have been in their skin, or until you know a person.

The Devlopment of Modern Africa Essay -- essays research papers fc

The Development of Modern Africa   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  There are over 40 countries in sub-Saharan Africa and the wealth of natural resources and the prevalence of wealth in the northern segments of Africa have led many to speculate about the equity and economic development in the sub-Sahara. Unfortunately, the progression of economic, political and social factors in this region have done little to improve the overall conditions, and have instead demonstrated a consistent bias towards the government and the social elites that has impacted the chances of successful development in the region. Since the end of World War II, changes in the infrastructure, the political forces, and in the capacity for collective action in many of these countries has underscored what some have described as the â€Å"Africa crisis† (Stryker, 1986).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  One of the major issues that still remain in this region is the history of development in the sub-Sahara, generally traced back to the history of British rule, and the relinquishing of colonial control which led to greater regionalization. But there was little in place in terms of expansion planning or economic development in the period following the end of the Second World War, and it can be argued that the struggle for economic development is linked to existing and maintained inequities, based both on social conditioning and political control, that has weakened the agrarian force and impacted the development of industrialization. During the 1980s, when many countries through out the world were experiencing the successful pull away from years of recession, the countries of the African sub-Sahara were not impacted by this positive transformation, and instead, it was posited that the decline in economic conditions would result in years of continued recession (Stryker, 1986). A number of theorists have attributed this crisis to different components of the politics, the economic base, and the social perspectives, as well as basic problems like the lowest world-wide life expectancy, lowest nutritional and literacy rates, lack of access to medical care, safe water supplies, and support services, and high population growth coupled by the highest infant mortality rates in the world (Stryker, 1986). It has been recognized that of the 40-50 poorest counties of the world, most (2/3) are located in the sub-Saha... ...ility, the perception that reforms could somehow promote a major transformation within the varied communities of the sub-Sahara placed too great an emphasis on the process of development and too little emphasis on the impact that the division itself would have on existing communities. Bibliography Berry, Sara (1992, Summer). Hegemony on a shoestring: indirect rule and access to agricultural land. Africa, v62 n3, pp. 327(29). Gyimah-Brempong, Kwabena (1992, May). Do African governments favor defense in budgeting? Journal of Peace Research, v29 n2, pp. 191(16). Jaycox, Edward (1993, March). Structural adjustment spurs African development. Africa News, v38 n2-3, pp. 14(1). Lonsdale, J.M. (1970). Nationalism and Traditionalism in East Africa. in Collins, R., Ed. Problems in the History of Colonial Africa, 1860-1960. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, Inc. Seitz, Steven (1991, January-April). The military in black African politics. Journal of Asian and African Studies, v26 n1-2, pp. 61(15). Stryker, Richard (1986). Poverty, inequality, and development choices in contemporary Africa. in Martin, P. and O’Meara, P., Eds. Africa. Bloomington, IN: Indiana University Press.

Fineprint Company Case

Case Overview FinePrint Company (FPC) owner and manager John Johnson is weighing a proposal from a local Virginia businessman by the name of Ernest Bradley and his small business â€Å"SmallPrint Shop† (SPS). FPC employs one sales representative and one printing-press operator, but it also relies on temporary labor to help with the fluctuations in volume. At current it is running at full capacity: 150,000 brochures a month. SPS is known for its basic printing services; however it is capable of more elaborate work.Recently it lost its largest client and is now sitting with idle capacity on its specialty press, which it bought mainly to serve their orders. It is hoping to do some elaborate work cheap for â€Å"FinePrint Company. † Because SPS would like to simply keep the press running, Bradley proposed a deal with FPC to print a maximum of 30,000 brochures at $8 per 100 brochures. John Johnson felt that SmallPrint was a good company that did dependable quality work. The proposal sounded like a good deal to him but he was unsure of the price comparisons.Issues The Fineprint Company faced two major internal issues. First is the fact that it is operating its production facility at near capacity. This leaves little room for new jobs and threatens to increase the fixed cost associated with the capacity. Second, FPC is relying heavily on temporary labor to meet volume changes in production. With the use of temporary workers comes the burden of fluctuating labor costs through wage changes and constant training. FPC also has external issues of SmallPrint affecting it in a positive way.When SPS lost its largest customer, it opened up opportunity for FinePrint to use its idle capacity. SPS’s limited exposure as an elaborate printing house and its willingness to work for cheap allows FPC the upper hand in negotiations on price of possible venture. Relationship Between Issues FPC’s consistent operation at near capacity increases its need to use t emporary labor. SmallPrint lost of a major customer and its lack of reputation as an elaborate print house caused it to have idle capacity.That idle capacity increased its need to make a discounted outsource deal with FinePrint. Relationships to Aim of the Company FinePrint Company’s use of temporary labor and consistent operation near capacity along with SmallPrint Shop’s idle capacity and willingness to deal cheap, has FPC considering an outsourcing deal with SPS to help free up production capacity and reduce need for temporary labor. Resulting in a possible reduction of manufacturing cost for FinePrint and ultimately a higher profit. Problem StatementWhile operating at near capacity and relying on temporary labor to meet the changing demand, FinePrint must pay close attention to cost and capability to expand. A proposal from a SmallPrint gives an opportunity to lower production costs and free up capacity for new orders, through outsourcing. Owner, John Johnson must review the offer carefully to decide if he will save or spend more outsourcing his current work to his rival, Ernest Bradley. Objectives John Johnson objective is to find a way to maintain or lower cost associated with production and free up manufacturing capacity.In conjunction with this he would like to maintain or increase his profits. He does this by considering the changes in cost of outsourcing 30,000 units of current production. Alternatives We found that Fineprint had four alternatives when deciding on this offer. Johnsons’ first option is to keep the situation as is. He would decline SmallPrint Shop’s offer to outsource 30,000 brochures per month for $8/100 brochures. Second, is to accept the deal offered by Ernest Bradley and lose $600 per month.Doing so to help out during troubled times. Third, Johnson can negotiate the price to be $6/100 brochures rather than $8/100 brochures in an effort to help out but still break-even. Lastly, they can buy out SmallPrint and use its capacity and workforce to cut cost on labor and open up to new jobs. Action Plan Since FinePrint Company is looking to keep its manufacturing costs low, it is in their best interest to decline the offer and adhere to their current production of 150,000 units 100% in-house.We made our decision based on the relevant cost involved, which includes direct material, direct labor and manufacturing overhead. We ignored the fixed costs, totaled at $12,000 a month, because they will not reduce with a partial outsource order. Currently, FPC’s total variable cost are $10,500 for 150,000 units, $7 per 100 brochures and only $6 being relevant cost. The $1 difference is attributed to variable sales cost, which FPC would incur because they would still need to sell 150,000 units. If it accepts the offer, FPC would be producing only 120,000 units for only $8,700 in variable costs.Although outsourcing results in savings of $1800, it is outweighed by the additional purchasing costs of $2400 for the 30,000 units at $8 per 100 brochures from Bradley. Choosing to accept the offer would result in a reduction to current profits by $600. The total costs of maintaining the current production level is $600 cheaper than outsourcing 20% of production volume. It costs FPC $22,500 to produce 150,000 units and $23,100 to produce 120,000 units while outsourcing 30,000 units. There is no reason to spend more purchasing product than it will cost to produce it in-house.Therefore, FPC should stick to full production of its orders. Potential Problems Johnson refusing to help them completely could result in broken relationship between Johnson and Bradley. In the future, it is possible that Johnson can end up in a similar situation as Bradley and the industry could remember him as the one who had denied help. FinePrint also has to deal with the fact it is still operating at near capacity. If it has customers come in with an order that exceeds capacity they may end up spending more or losing business.

Research Paper Essay

Review of related literature and studies After the computer became popular to the people, the developers of schools website are taking years after. Only Derrick Meador quoted the â€Å"More and more homes across the country have internet access and having a school website that is up-to-date and well-organized is a great way to reach the school community.† He is also the author of â€Å"The Importance of School Website† sourced (www.teaching.about.com). In past years the proposal of school sites are limited to. Because it’s not affordable to have it only few can make. But now, lots of schools want to be part in the market. Related Reading Base on My reading, school site, is now important to this generation because more students are in advance when it came to studies. And more students want to study in online, because they don’t have time to go to school when it comes to the school class schedule. Related Literature Related Studies In conducting a school webpage, it helps the school to be part of school official site. Today  ¾ of universities and colleges has already webpage, they make their school more demand to the market i.e. the Far Eastern University (FEU), University of the Philippines (UP), De Lassalle State University (DLSU), Anteneo de Manila University (AdMU) they have their school website. It is easy for them that they can have more enrolee’s next semester. Today, the webpage of school is very important and it is the demand to the market even in abroad, the foreign nation schools is more focus in making school website. There is an advantage having an official webpage and today the Schools they have their proposal to make school sites. The people will inquire or visit through online and it is easy for them that they can inquire through online.

Acknowledgement Examples Essay

* First and foremost, we would like to thank to our supervisor of this project, Miss Shyamala for the valuable guidance and advice. She inspired us greatly to work in this project. Her willingness to motivate us contributed tremendously to our project. We also would like to thank her for showing us some example that related to the topic of our project. Besides, we would like to thank the authority of Multimedia University (MMU) for providing us with a good environment and facilities to complete this project. Also, we would like to take this opportunity to thank to the Centre of Affiliated Diploma Programme (CADP) of Multimedia University (MMU) for offering this subject, Computing Project. It gave us an opportunity to participate and learn about the operation of flights ticket reservation. In addition, we would also like to thank Malaysia Airline System (MAS) which provide us valuable information as the guidance of our project. Finally, an honorable mention goes to our families and friends for their understandings and supports on us in completing this project. Without helps of the particular that mentioned above, we would face many difficulties while doing this * Apart from the efforts of myself, the success of any project depends largely on the encouragement and guidelines of many others. I take this opportunity to express my gratitude to the people who have been instrumental in the successful completion of this project. I would like to show my greatest appreciation to Prof. James Geller. I can’t say thank you enough for his tremendous support and help. I feel motivated and encouraged every time I attend his meeting. Without his encouragement and guidance this project would not have materialized. The guidance and support received from all the members who contributed and who are contributing to this project, was vital for the success of the project. I am grateful for their constant support and help. * I would like to gratefully acknowledge the enthusiastic supervision of Dr. Ali Rezazadeh during this work. I thank Prof. Garth Swanson for the technical discussions on the spectral response model and Dr. S. E. Kanellopoulos for the help with optical measurements and relevant discussions. Postgraduates of the Physical Electronics Research Group are thanked for numerous stimulating discussions, help with experimental setup and general advice; in particular I would like to acknowledge the help of Dr. Jim Luck for his support. Sean Wootton, Kevin Smith and Nick Nicola are thanked for their assistance with all types of technical problems – at all times. I am grateful to all my friends from International Hall, University of London, for being the surrogate family during the many years I stayed there and for their continued moral support there after. From the staff, Donald Mann and Margaret Wilson are especially thanked for their care and attention. Finally, I am forever indebted to my parents and Anita for their understanding, endless patience and encouragement when it was most required. I am also grateful to Naela and Tanvir for their support.

Case Study Essay Essay

Speed Racer. Like millions of other kids, he couldn’t wait to watch the hero’s slick Mach 5 take on villainous rivals in equally enticing race cars. The show came on at 3:30 p.m. If he was late, he missed it. Back then, there were no VCRs or DVRs to record the show for later viewing. There was no Internet. Like everyone else at the time, Kilar had to watch TV on the schedule dictated by the networks. Perhaps that’s why when Kilar grew up, he set out to change that antiquated model of television watching. By the time Kilar had reached the ripe old age of 36, home-recording devices had been household fixtures for well over two decades. But as far as Kilar was concerned, having to think ahead and set a device to record a show was still too much work. That’s why accepted the task of running Hulu, a joint venture by media giants NBC Universal and News Corporation that serves up TV shows and movies through a slick Web interface, when and  wherever you want to view them. As Hulu began to take shape, speculation quickly turned to skepticism.  What’s a Hulu? In August 2007, this question ricocheted  through the blogosphere to a chorus of derisive laughter. NBC and Fox [News Corps’ TV broadcasting subsidiary] were going to make the Internet safe for television! They were building a â€Å"YouTube killer†! And they were calling it Hulu! It was almost too perfect—an absurdist topper to the idea that two major broadcast networks could devise an Internet video service people would actually use.The name was even more delicious than the venture’s placeholder moniker, NewCo, which the online world had changed to ClownCo.And now Hulu? It means â€Å"snoring† in Chinese, one blogger declared. â€Å"‘Cease’ and ‘desist’ in Swahili,† Michael Arrington reported on TechCrunch. â€Å"Perhaps they should have just stuck with ClownCo,† he added. In Mandarin, hulu actually means â€Å"bottle gourd,† or â€Å"holder of precious things.† But the word’s meaning doesn’t really matter much. What does matter is that since Hulu aired its first television program in March 2008, it has become the third  most-viewed online video site, and it’s still rapidly growing. Entertainment Weekly called Hulu â€Å"some kind of TV addict’s fever dream.† One of the same bloggers who had earlier ridiculed Hulu soon pronounced it â€Å"brilliant.† And Mr. Arrington, coeditor of the famed blog TechCrunch and one of Hulu’s  harshest early critics, ultimately declared, â€Å"Game over. Hulu wins.† The big question is this: Of all the world’s Web startups and video sites, what has made Hulu such an instant and unquestioned success? Focus On the Customer When Jeff Zucker, CEO of NBC Universal, and Peter Chernin,  president of News Corporation’s Fox network, hired Jason Kilar, they handed him a relatively empty canvas in an industry mired with complexities. Kilar could have set any of a thousand different priorities in creating Hulu. But Kilar focused first on one primary priority that would guide the entire venture: the viewer. He insisted that Hulu be â€Å"obsessed with users.† If Hulu didn’t work for viewers, they simply wouldn’t tune in. Kilar wanted to capture the best parts of watching television the oldfashioned way and combine them with the best that modern technology could offer. He and his Hulu team considered all the barriers to watching television and movie programming via the existing options and then set out to squash them. Hulu is Web based, so it overcomes two of the most common  inconveniences to watching regular TV It’s available 24/7, and .  it doesn’t require that viewers set a device for recording. But all Web video sites offer those advantages. Beyond these basics, to ultimately draw people away from their TV sets to watch their favorite shows online, Hulu had to offer more. So Kilar and his team focused on some very specific benefits. User-friendly The top Internet services—Google, Flickr,  YouTube—earned their top spots because they’re simple. Hulu needed to do more than just claim user-friendliness—its site needed to be clean, clutter-free, and have high-quality video. The site needed intuitive controls and navigation tools. And it needed to work seamlessly with all the popular Web browsers, without requiring additional downloads or special players.That obstacle had limited the success of many online video services. Kilar’s test for simplicity? His 62-year-old mom, Maureen, had to be able to cue up any video on the site within 15 seconds. As a result, Hulu emerged as the sleekest, easiest-to-use, and most professional video site on the Internet. According to Will Richmond, president of research firm Broadband Directions, Hulu â€Å"set the gold standard† for a TV-watching experience. â€Å"It has optimized all of the ingredients—quality of video, navigation, and controls.† Videos stream almost instantly in high resolution on a large or even full screen, instead of a â€Å"postage-stamp-size screen with grainy video,† as Kilar puts it. What does Kilar’s mom think? â€Å"She talks a big game, but she’s not technical,† said Kilar. But when Maureen discovered how easy it was to pull up episodes of the old TV classic Alfred Hitchcock Presents on Hulu, she was hooked. A Ton of Content Kilar also knew that slick and easy  wouldn’t be enough without having programming that people  wanted to see. When given the initial list of programs that  would be available on Hulu, Kilar was very disappointed. â€Å"It was one piece of paper,† he said. â€Å"I wished it was a phone book.† CC1 CC2 Company Cases Kilar informed the gurus at NBC and Fox that for Hulu to work, the two companies needed to provide access to every movie  they had ever made and every show they had ever aired. The  network chiefs explained that existing contracts and legal  complexities made that virtually impossible. But Kilar held his ground, and NBC and Fox quickly came around, digging deep  to gain legal clearance for everything that they could.  To give viewers even more content, Kilar suggested a strategy to Fox and NBC executives verged on heresy. He wanted to show programming from competing networks and production  companies—to sell the competition’s products. In fact, he wanted Hulu to be perceived as its own entity, not tied to any existing network. â€Å"Hulu is about the shows, not the networks,† Kilar argued.â€Å"The shows are the brands that users care about.† Once the idea settled in, Chernin and Zucker agreed. As a result, when Hulu went live, it boasted more than 250 TV shows and 100 movies from Fox, NBC, Universal, their affiliated cable channels, and more than 50 content partners such as Warner Brothers and indie film studio Lionsgate. In  addition to hosting content on its own Web site, Hulu links  seamlessly to video content on other video sites, even those of competing networks. In the time since Hulu began airing programs, the number of content partners has swelled to 130 and its library has grown exponentially. That library includes full episodes and even full seasons of television programs, clips from shows (clips of NBC’s Saturday Night Live are among the most viewed on the Internet), movies, and even instructional Web videos such as â€Å"How to Make Stuffed Crust Pizza.† Cost (as in Free!) Kilar also knew that for Hulu to succeed, it had to be free. After all, that’s how people had been watching broadcast television for decades. And on the Internet, people have come to expect â€Å"free.† But offering free content created a problem. Such programming had to be supported with ads, and  viewers don’t like those either. So Hulu created a very  reasonable compromise. The standard for broadcast television is eight minutes of ads per half-hour of programming. Hulu  inserts only two minutes of ads per half hour. Given all that they get, viewers don’t seem to mind the brief interruptions. Great Quality, User-based Programming, and Embed  Codes A great video player and lots of free programs are  things that viewers want most. But in his relentless pursuit to please viewers, Kilar went even further. He went for first-class quality, in both selection and viewing. Hulu relies on a small army of film students to screen every minute of footage,  looking for video and audio glitches. And instead of having  Hulu executives set programming priorities, Hulu lets users do it. Popularity alone moves a show up in the ratings. As a result, some rather odd shows have risen to the top. One of most  highly rated shows on Hulu is It’s Always Sunny in Philadelphia, an FX series starring Danny DeVito. Another is Arrested Development, a cult favorite that won Emmys and  critical acclaim but was canceled by Fox because of poor  ratings. In yet another â€Å"Is this guy crazy?† move, Kilar decided that Hulu should provide embed codes so that users could post  content on their own sites. Not only does Hulu feature content from the competition, it gives its own content away! Users  love this because they can share programming with others. It works for Hulu because it doesn’t really give the content away. It enables its videos to go viral, bringing more viewers to  sponsors’ ads. Embracing the Future Hulu’s focus on pleasing viewers is certainly showing results. In only a few months, Hulu ranked among the Web’s top-ten  video sites, besting even ESPN.com. The month following  Hulu’s airing of a very clever ad featuring 30 Rock’s Alex Baldwin on Super Bowl XLIII, the site’s viewership increased by 55 percent to 7.8 million with 332 million streams. This catapulted Hulu past Microsoft and Viacom,  putting it at the heels of number-three Yahoo! (with 353 million streams) and number two MySpace (with 462 million streams). A few months later, Hulu passed Yahoo! In the world of online video sites, YouTube still dominates with 5.3 billion streams every month. But the market offerings of YouTube and MySpace are very  different from Hulu’s, so Hulu lays claim to being the market leader for TV-oriented sites.   Despite its success in such a short time, Hulu ‘s future is hardly guaranteed. Consumers are fickle, especially in a world of constantly changing technologies where what’s hot today may be old news next year. NBC and News Corp recently  added Disney and it’s ABC library to the partnership. But numerous other user-friendly, TV-style sites lurk in the shadows, including CBS’s TV.com and Viacom’s Joost.  And don’t forget one of the biggest competitors of all: viewers themselves.A major reason that NBC and Fox created Hulu in the first place was to combat video piracy. They were constantly having to intervene to pull clips of their shows off of YouTube and other video sites. And peer-to-peer BitTorrent  networks were threatening to inflict the same damage on the  television industry that the likes of Napster inflicted on the music industry.  Shortly after their initial plans leaked out, Chernin addressed the piracy problem head on. â€Å"You can’t protect old business models artificially,† he proclaimed. Unlike music industry executives who held back far too long, Chernin and Zucker realized that if they didn’t put their shows online, someone else would. â€Å"The best way to combat piracy is to make your content available,† said Zucker. â€Å"We want to make sure consumers know they don’t need to steal our content. That’s what Hulu is all about.† But while the minds at Hulu feel that their product will do  a great deal to combat piracy, they are more concerned about a bigger issue: Giving the consumer everything they want may not always be the best thing for the business. From a profitability standpoint, the impact of making  content available with minimal commercials could have adverse effects on the  business models that have worked for decades. As viewership  Company Cases  turns from the TV to the Web, can the revenue generated  through the new media replace that which will undoubtedly be lost through the old?  Jason Kilar himself best captures the opportunities and  threats presented by the volatility of the industry. â€Å"The world has turned completely upside down. I find that very inspiring. Others might be scared out of their wits. But to me, this is the way media always should have been.† Questions for Discussion 1. Describe Hulu’s market offering in detail. What value is Hulu really offering to users? 2. Is Hulu customer-driven? Why or why not? 3. Think about the three considerations underlying the societal marketing concept. Is Hulu sustainable? Support your conclusions for each consideration. 4. What recommendations would you make for Hulu’s  future? Sources: Jessi Hempel, â€Å"Hulu’s Hurdles: Internet Video Sharing Site Tries to Serve Fans and Networks Alike,† Fortune, February 24, 2009, accessed online at www.money.cnn.com; Frank Rose, â€Å"Free, Legal, and Online: Why Hulu is the New Way to Watch TV,† Wired, September 22, 2008, accessed online at www.wired.com; Chuck Salter, â€Å"The Fast Company 50: #3 Hulu,† Fast Company, March, 2009, p. 59; Lynne d’Johnson, â€Å"In Only One Year, Hulu Becomes Fourth-Largest Video Site in U.S.,† Fast Company, March 23, 2009, accessed online at www.fastcompany .com.

Appropriation and Art Essay

Appropriation in the visual arts is when an artist takes possession of another’s work and re-uses it in a different context, most commonly in order to reveal issues surrounding originality or a meaning not apparent in the original work1. The types of appropriation used by artists include re-visioning, re-evaluation, variation, imitation, parody, homage, mimicry and allusion2. The practice of appropriation is a tradition that has been adopted by artists throughout history, but in more recent times has become an art movement that questions the whole creative process, intending more to bring out a new meaning. In order to determine whether copying images when developing artwork is a valid technique, or an ethical approach, two examples of historical appropriated images are considered; the ‘Third of May’ painted originally by Fancisco Goya in 1808, and ‘The Creation of Adam’ painted by Michelangelo in 1511. Francisco Goya’s original piece entitled â€Å"Third of May†, depicts Napoleon’s troops executing Spanish resisters. The painting is divided in two sections, on the right of the painting are Napoleon’s troops armed and ready to shoot and on the left are the resisters, some dead while the others beg for their lives. The impending execution of civilians lies at the heart of the painting, highlighting the horror of war and the injustices it brings. â€Å"Third of May† by Francisco Goya (1808)4 This image was subsequently appropriated by Edouart Manet’s in his painting entitled â€Å"The execution of Emperor Maximilian† in 1867. As with the original, the painting is also divided into two sections. On the right side are the troops ready to fire and execute. On the opposite side are the unarmed civilians awaiting their deaths, the onlookers watching in horror and dismay. â€Å"The Execution of Emperor Maximilian† by Edouard Manet (1867)5 This image was subsequently appropriated by Pablo Picasso in his painting â€Å"Massacre in Korea†. Like the original and Manet’s version, the painting is divided into two sections, the organised troops to the right, the civilians to the left. The painting by Picasso differs from the original in that a more modern form of art (abstract) is used to portray the characters and scene. It also contrasts the two groups more, the innocent victims being less well defined and more vulnerable and the soldiers more dominant5. Consequently, the image is more suggestive of the barbarism associated with war and the universal civilian suffering it brings, rather than the single events depicted in the two others. â€Å"Massacre in Korea† by Pablo Picasso (1951)6 Another example of appropriation in art is the classic painting by Michelangelo entitled â€Å"The Creation of Adam† that adorns the roof of the Sistine Chapel in Rome. Painted in 1510, it portrays God reaching for Adam to give him the ‘spark of life’, and reinforces the Christian beliefs that dominated life at the time. It is such an iconic image that it’s use by other artists in their own works cannot be seen as forgery. And the image has been used by others. â€Å"The Creation of Adam† by Michelangelo (1510)7 Amongst the artists that have used this image, a painting by Samuel Bak entitled â€Å"Creation of Wartimes II† (1999) is a prime example of appropriating an image to tell a different story. In has painting, Bak borrows from Michelangelo to ask the question, â€Å"Where is God? †, as ‘Adam’ lies amongst the rubble of a ruined world. â€Å"Creation of Wartimes II† by Samuel Bak (1999)8 The original Michelangelo image has also been parodied in mainstream entertainment like The Simpsons, as in the case of â€Å"The Homer of Seville† shown in 2007. â€Å"The Homer of Seville† (2007)9 In a similar fashion, Andreas Krapf ‘s pop art painting entitled â€Å"Almighty† draws on Michelangelo’s work to convey a message about modern society. â€Å"Almighty† by Andreas Krapf (2009)10 As is evident from these examples of appropriation, there is no sense that the artist who uses previous works is trying to hide the fact that they copied the original. In fact, it appears that the artist wants the viewer to recognize the image, so that they can compare their original associations to the context that is now being portrayed. To argue that copying is not a valid approach to developing artwork, instead comparing it to plagiarism, misses the point. By clearly referring to the original, the artist is in way acknowledging the former work, and only borrowing it to reinforce or add to the message that was originally intended. This can sometimes diminish the impact or meaning of the original work, as in the case of some parodies, but appropriation in the art world is as old as art itself and cannot be dismissed as being invalid. In terms of the ethics of appropriation, artists should be free to comment on society, and use whatever means they see as necessary to convey their message. The act of using other people’s work might seem a bit like cheating, but it differs from forgery, in that Picasso was not copying a Goya painting and trying to pass it off as a Goya painting. He, like other artists who have appropriated the work of others before them, wanted the viewer to make the connection with the previous image and add to it so that the original message becomes even more powerful, or has a more modern context. References http://www.all-art.org/history480-3.html

Analysis of Escobar's thesis compare and contrast his theological Essay

Analysis of Escobar's thesis compare and contrast his theological contribution - Essay Example The liberation theology was the creation of the Catholic Christianity (Prahalad & Doz, 2007, p. 125). In addition, Escobar argues that the majority of the theologians apply two principles in the liberation mission. They include an examination of the social, economic and political aspects of the missionary enterprise itself, and, secondly, an understanding of the missionary enterprise within a global observation of human history (Escobar, 2003, p. 137). This study reveals that the Escobar’s perception on the Missiology that ignores serious consideration of both the social and political realities is misplaced. Escobar believes that Liberation Theology applies incorrect principles for creating a theology of mission, instead asserts that the basis for a proper theology of mission is the social sciences and Biblical Disclosure (Rodriguez, 2012, p. 111). Furthermore, Escobar dismisses the Liberation theology justification that people first perceive God in history and then go the scr ipture to reaffirm their belief. Escobar proposes that the Bible, particularly the Biblical Christology, is the fundamental basis for theology of mission. In summary, Escobar admits that Evangelical Missiology will be formed with and by the populace, yet its foundation is not in the people, but instead with the Evangelical commitments. Comparison of Escobar’s theology with Moltmann’s theology Samuel Escobar is a leading Latin American Theologian. Escobar was among the principal participants in the international Congress on World Evangelization. Escobar constructs a theology of mission on the social and political realities, which is a total contrast with Moltmann who bring a systematic theology based on the element of eschatology (Rodriguez, 2012, p. 128). Escobar asserts that the realties in theology should be constructed out of the biblical revelation and aspects of social sciences. Moltmann focuses on four lines of thought, which include the notion of an eschatologic al open future, the Christian theology of history, the Trinitarian sending God and the scope of salvation. Moltmann believes that the prospect of history should be kept open as the meadow of God’s puzzling and capricious works since a closed history robs hope for the future. This is because a closed history denies hope for the future (Rodriguez, 2012, p. 101). It is imperative to note that this claim is fundamental to Missiology since it attempts to elucidate God’s plans and distinctiveness. On the other hand, the Trinitarian Theology forms a fundamental aspect to Mission work. Moltmann asserts that, mission originates from the very being of God and not an activity of human beings. This aspect indicates that, there exists a link amid systematic theology of the Trinity and the mission work. Moreover, the Moltmann’s Systematic study of the nature of Christian prospect is critical because it preserves the veracity of the human familiarity of time and the certainty of God’s manifestation partaking in time while addressing the nature of God and of time. Numerous theologians have supported Moltmann’s theology by asserting that, it is fundamental to mission theologians since it is future directed and oriented (Prahalad & Doz, 2007, p. 128). This theology is significant since it has enhanced understanding of God’s mission in relation to a certain amount of tension of God’s rule both now and in the future. In conclusion, the

Answer the five following questions Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Answer the five following questions - Assignment Example In the same way, a sense of likability arises as one is forced to view the advert till it ends. The advert therefore scores very well in terms of the best qualities of conventional adverts. 2) The company using alternative advertising is the clothing giant Barbour which is using quality as a way of advertising its products. The organization has realized that quality products will always sell and has therefore reduced the conventional forms of advertising. The focus in this regard is to ensure that each product is uniquely made and scores very high from the consumers. In essence, this strategy has over the years worked effectively for the organization and has enabled it to lead its industry. 3) One ethical dilemma in marketing was realized by Toyota in its decision to recall some of its brand that had defective components. Indeed, this was a hard choice to make for the organization but it had to be done. It was indeed a great ethical dilemma for the management due to the great costs that were involved and the need to uphold quality which has always guided the

Impact of Culture on Perception and Behavior Essay

Impact of Culture on Perception and Behavior - Essay Example Perceptions are affected by many things rooted in culture because culture provides structure and guidelines deemed significant in understanding and interpreting behaviors. According to Burton (2007), emotions influence people’s perceptions differently depending on the surrounding society’s perception as explained by the two theories of social perception. The two theories are attribution theory that focuses on causes of action and social comparison theory that elucidates the notion of people comparing themselves with others (Thomas & Inkson, 2009). Another important issue to note is that there are cultural differences in social consequences and that cultural script determines how emotions should be experienced either positively or negatively (Burton, 2007). For instance, it is reported that the dominant social script in Western culture is to encourage positive emotions while the dominant cultural script in China is based on dialectical thinking and balancing positive and negative emotions. Culture vs. Interaction Culture has a great influence in how one interact with foreigners and the difference can be easily noticed when people meet for the first time. Culture can shape the way some people see the world because it sculptures the brain. In China, culture is more interdependent while the American culture tends to be independent. Chinese people spend most of their time monitoring the environment and others while Westerners concentrate on self and central objects.

Housing Development Process Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Housing Development Process - Essay Example However, emphasis on the architectural requirements of the houses has not been significant in the conventional practice of house development, although it is as important as the structural engineering concerns of the development. Importance of an architect is further exaggerated by a social change that has increased peoples’ interest in fashion, looks and aesthetics. An architect ensures their achievement in the finished look of the house. The housing development process requires careful consideration of various factors other than the design and aesthetics of the house. The development scheme originates from the need in a particular area, and the expenses available to the developers prior to development. Once the process of development of houses is felt beneficial for the community in a certain area, the developers look for the most appropriate site. A site that is near to the market and can offer many facilities at shortest distance from the house is considered the best for development. Once the site is selected, the developers accumulate funds either from banks, or by investments from the public. Then the site layout is prepared. Labor accommodation, site offices, and other facilities required for the development are clearly demarcated in the site layout. The project commences with the formulation of preliminary design by the architects that is matured by the structural engineers. Cost estimates are prepared simulta neously. Once the final design and cost estimates are identified, the construction begins. The houses are constructed as per the design and schedule prepared in the start of the project. It is ensured that the construction complies with the specifications devised by the architect in the start of the project. What is equally important is to ensure that the project completes exactly upon or before the time expected by the customer. Exceeding the finishing time can incur huge monetary

Structures Impacted by Tsunami Bores Research Paper

Structures Impacted by Tsunami Bores - Research Paper Example The study seeks to offer understanding into the ways by which the coastal areas can be able to prepare themselves to withstand dangerous hydrodynamic forces associated with large tsunami waves that are progressing to the mainland.The conduct of this study is based on the recent occurrences of tsunamis that have majorly hit parts of the world such as Japan, Philippines, and Chile. As a result, many human lives have been endangered out of the tsunami waves that have extended into the mainland, hence causing severe destruction of buildings. The economic loss attributed to these tsunami attacks are also enormous with the 2011 attack costing US$319 billion worth of damages. The current study aimed at showing that the design of buildings needs to be done in consideration of the hydrodynamic forces, especially in the tsunami prone areas. By developing new guidelines and recommendations, it is aimed that the same will be applied in hydrodynamic constructions. In testing for the interaction b etween the bore and the structure, it is determined that a zero level of water momentum results in an impulsive force being exerted in the upstream. Consequently, the study established that for narrow channel conditions, the run-up power can strongly be affected by the channels. These channels can be built through SPH method as shown in the figure 2 below. Therefore, the study recommends taking special care in interpreting the hydrodynamic forces following initial impacts from the bore.