Early America essays

Early America essays America. No other word in any language sparks such a passion of energy in people. Why is this? Is it because of the prosperity that the United States is associated with? Maybe, it is the idea of complete freedom. Most people in less fortunate countries dream about a life in a new land. Most often America is the land which pops into their heads. If people in less fortunate countries dream of a new life in America, why has their been a decline of patriotism? Quite possibly it is the lack of education, in the history of our fine country. People have forgotten why we live in a free country, or how our country came to be. Possibly it is the fact that since we no longer realize the overwhelming odds we faced in the revolution, or the matter of why we succeeded from Britain. People take this country for granite. Two authors, Howard Zinn, and Thomas A. Baily have not forgotten why we broke away. These men have similar opinions on the social, political, and revolutionary origins of our country. North and South America were colonized by modern European countries. The way these countries interacted was the basis for society in Colonial America. For example, Spain influenced the colonial times by introducing slavery through the Native Americans. Because of Spains introduction of slavery, it became a way of life in fifteenth, sixteenth, and seventeenth century America. Baily and Zinn both agree that Colonial America was directly influenced socially by the mixing of different cultures from the immigrants. Society was an important factor in colonial America....colonial society was not democratic and certainly not equalitarian; it was dominated by men who had money enough to make others work for them. And: Few of these men were descended from indentured servants, and practically none had themselves been of that class. Here, Zinn gives an example of how society worked....

Who Invented Catseye Road Studs - Percy Shaw

Who Invented Catseye Road Studs - Percy Shaw Percy Shaw (1890-1976) was an English inventor best known for inventing cats eye road studs in 1934. Cats eyes are the road reflectors which help drivers see the road in the fog or at night. In 1947, British Labor Junior Transport Minister Jim Callaghan introduced cats eyes on British roads. Percy Shaw Manufacturer and inventor Percy Shaw was born on April 15, 1890, in Halifax, England. After attending the Boothtown boarding school, Percy Shaw began working as a laborer at a blanket mill at the age of thirteen, however, he studied shorthand and bookkeeping at night school. He started a repair business with his father fixing rollers, which evolved into a path and driveway building business. He designed a miniature motorized roller to aid him in building driveways and paths.​ Cats Eye Road Studs The area in which Percy Shaw lived was prone to fog and the local roads were often hazardous for motorists. Shaw decided to invent reflecting studs that would be set into the surface of unlit roads. He was inspired by the reflection of car headlights in road signs. In fact, he based the idea on another invention- reflective road signs that had been patented in 1927. Percy Shaw patented his Maltese cross-shaped road studs (U.K patent #436,290 and #457,536) and trademarked the name Cats Eye. He formed the Reflecting Roadstuds Ltd to manufacture the new road studs. However, sales were sluggish until the Ministry of Transport mandated Catseyes for British roads.

Debate paper in intellectual properties Assignment

Debate paper in intellectual properties - Assignment Example In the absence of these protection laws, individual’s original ideas would be plagiarized and exploited by unethical participants in a given economic environment (Gollin 23). Therefore, the concept of intellectual property proves advantageous in numerous ways including; Intellectual property in form of a patent protects an individual’s or a company’s original knowledge from duplication by competitors and other unethical parties. Fortunately, the government issues patent owners with the sole right to use an underlying intellectual property for a specified period of time (Tavani and Spinello 41). Currently, advancement in science and technology leads to a corresponding increase in inventions and related knowledge. These new scientific information and technological designs could offer great benefits to business organizations upon application. Undeniably, an inventor or researcher responsible for development of a new piece of information may have invested intensively not only in terms of finances but also in labor hours. In this context, duplication of intellectual property without the owner’s permission would amount to an instance of economic exploitation. Therefore, intellectual property rights are instrumental in preventing expl oitation from competitors. In March 2014, Samsung and Apple Inc ended a patent infringement dispute in court. Allegedly, Samsung duplicated the ’slide to unlock’ feature of Galaxy Nexus smart phones without permission from the feature’s inventor, Apple Inc. Consequently, Samsung paid Apple $120 million in damages. In this context, existence of intellectual property rights prevented further exploitation of Apple’s patented information by its competitor. In another case, SanDisk is seeking to prevent exploitation of its flash memory cards by Apple Inc. Aside from being the plaintiff in Samsung vs. Apple case; Apple Inc also infringes patents of other competitors (Reed 01). As of September 2014, Apple Inc was being sued

Second Great Awakening and Women Activism Essay

Second Great Awakening and Women Activism - Essay Example A female antislavery society was formed by some reformers so as to ensure that women are not ill-treated in the society. American slavery was regarded as a sin against God mainly by female reformers. On the contrary, Congregational Church had denounced abolitionist efforts which were undertaken publicly by women. The social influences were used by females in order to focus on Christian benevolence objects and promoting piety. It has been proclaimed by critics that her tone changes when she assumes to be a public reformer like the man. Female reformers eventually tend to become ostentatious and obtrusive. The charm linked with domestic life is lost when women loose such modesty, which constitutes the real societal influence by women. Sarah Grimke was another female reformer, who had stated her point against the criticism. Grimke sisters had the strong belief on evils related to slavery, after being converted to Quakerism. Sarah Grimke clearly defines in her letter that women have the capability to identify causes behind dangers. This capability is hindered when men feel that women are ruining their modesty by becoming public reformers. She further argued by saying, the New Testament highlights the influence and appropriate duties of women, which can also be regarded as the origin of mighty power. The sense of morality in women had been adversely affected by men in terms of interpreting duties of women. This debate was extended to sayings of Holy Bible, where God has not differentiated amongst human beings.

The first submission Essay Example for Free

The first submission Essay A1 â€Å"I gave an introduction discussing what capital structure is and how it relates to debt vs. equity financing and what maximizes shareholder return and what the goal of the company is in choosing a capital structure approach. I then made my recommendation discussing all approaches for all years using a table with earnings per share in each year for each approach and totaling them up to make my recommendation. (This was discussed and told to us in the webinar as the method so I am just repeating what was said). I then made my recommendation referencing the table, explaining why it maximizes shareholder return *****always refer to actual numbers.† A1aâ€Å"I justified my recommendation by talking about how the other approaches were not maximizing shareholder return and why, referencing the outcomes and what was causing their earnings per share to be lower Talk about all of the other approaches and reference the actual numbers. I repeated my recommendation at the end to sum it up.† A2 â€Å"I gave an introduction describing capital budgeting, net present value, and internal rate of return, and referenced things from the Storyline that were applicable to this section in a paragraph describing the background of the scenario (what was going on with company). I then discussed NPV and IRR in individual sections where I referenced all of the numbers and told what they meant about whether or not the company should pursue the project. I gave brief explanation of how the numbers were calculated. At the end of each section for both IRR and NPV I made a recommendation about whether or not to pursue the project based on the NPV and IRR results in the spreadsheet.† A3 â€Å"I began by discussing the background from the storyline (why they need  working capital, how much they need) I then gave 3 ways the firm can obtain working capital. I then discussed 3 ways to properly manage working capital.I was told in the webinar to think about the accounts that make up working capital. I then discussed Lease vs. Buy. I started by giving the background from the storyline. It is supposed to be approached from the standpoint of which one BEST preserves working capital (on the task directions) I explained how they arrived at the numbers on the spreadsheet (A good resource to understand where all the numbers came from and how they were calculated is Buy or Lease? Commercial Property Decisions from recenter.tamu.edu website. I then told which one they should do based on which one better preserves working capital (from task directions). If you are confused just think about how WC is calculated.. I referenced numbers, years, etc all steps of the way.† A4 â€Å"I told what a merger is what earnings per share means and what the merger was saying about EPS and how it would affect shareholder returns. I told what an acquisition is what the NPV of the acquisition is and what that means. Always referencing the numbers. I then made a recommendation based on EPS in the merger before and after and NPV of the acquisition. This information comes from the webinar I am just repeating it.† â€Å"I hope my explanation of my method and tips from the webinar help, Timothy.† Timothy Minyard, Student, July 2014. A1 and A2 – Low and Moderate Sales and Calculations â€Å"Hello, when completing the first two task prompts, is it necessary to analyze both the low and the moderate outcomes? For example, on the Capital Structure tab it gives you the moderate EBIT to use, are we expected to enter the low as well? Also, on the Capital Budgeting tab, do we discuss both scenarios of low and moderate planning?† â€Å"Task 3 A1, use only the moderate demand. A2, Capital Budget analyze both low and moderate demands.† Dr. Cherry, CM, July 2014 A2 – Internal Rate of Return as listed on Spreadsheet â€Å"On the spreadsheet (Task 3 Capital Budgeting Tab) the Internal Rate of  Return projections are listed for both low and moderate sales and then below is a IRR percentage. Yours could be different but my percentages are 8.7% and 10.1%. Are these percentages directly tied to the numbers above them or are they thresholds? If they are NOT thresholds, where do I find good suggestions for an appropriate threshold for IRR?† â€Å"10%. It is listed in the storyline.† Dr. Cherry, CM, August 2014 A3 â€Å"I am unable to find information or chapters on Lease vs. Buy. Any assistance would be appreciated.† â€Å"There is a SkillSoft titled Managerial Decisions and Capital Budgeting that has a section on Lease or Buy Decisions and Make or Buy Decisions. You can find it under the Financial Analysis Course Materials for The Best Structure and Use of Capital section.† Adrian Thompson, Student, June 2014. A3Question I find this part of Task 3 to be misleading. The task states: Discuss how working capital can be properly obtained and managed for the Canadian expansion. The discussion should consider the lease-versus-buy analysis (Spreadsheet tab: Task 3_Lease vs Buy). This, to me, is asking how can we obtain working capital for the Canadian expansion? Then when I look at the Task 3 Lease vs Buy spreadsheet, it says The $200,000 in working capital and $50,000 down payment would have to be internally funded. This I feel is telling me that the working capital has to be internally funded. Therefore, for the question A3, I answered how the company can internally fund working capital in order to expand into Canada. I got it returned to me for However, other ways to obtain working capital, besides internal generation, should also be discussed. Sorry, I just needed to vent. This is the 2nd time Ive had this task returned and this one frustrated me. I am really struggling with understanding the lease vs buy option. I  submitted my task and received the following response from the Grader The submission provides a good discussion of how to properly obtain and mange working capital for the Canadian Expansion. The recommendation to lease is presented; however, to fully support the decision an evaluation of the PV of outflows should be considered. What am I missing and what should I focus on. Should I be discussing that one yielding the higher NPV should be selected? Any thoughts and comments would be greatly appreciated.† â€Å"In the lease vs buy scenario, we discussing cash outflows, so you would want to select the option that will cost the company the least amount of working capital.† Dr. Cherry, CM, august 2014 A3 Lease vs Buy â€Å"I have a question on the financial information tab for Lease vs. Buy. The after tax cash flows for the lease option are $58,500 each year and Im wondering how we would arrive at this number? The storyline states that the five-year lease would entail payments of $90,000 each year for 5 years. It seems a stretch that the after tax cash flows would go all the way down to $58,500 from $90,000. Can anyone shed some light on this for me? Thanks!† â€Å"$90,000 * (1 tax rate) = $90,000 * .65† Dr. Cherry, CM, August 2014 A4Allocation of Overhead As we consider the merit of opening or acquiring a Canadian operation, should we be concerned with the allocation of overhead and shared services, such as Executive Comp and some aspects of shared services such as A/P and A/R salary costs? Without these allocations, the US operations will carry the whole burden. James Crowe, July 2014 â€Å"When considering the merger vs acquisition, first analyze the two projects to determine if both are financial viable. If so, then continue on with qualitative pros and cons.† Dr. Cherry, CM, July 2014

A Cultural Examination of the Russian Federation Essay -- cultural mar

â€Æ' Introduction In 1991, the great social experiment of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics dissolved. The empire spanning almost five centuries, from the remnants of the Golden Horde to Stalin's "new Russia" (Hoskins, 1997) from Poland to the Pacific disappeared, leaving a political-sociological void that is only now moving towards resolution. Still the largest nation in the world (Shultz, 2000), Russia spans two continents, multiple time zones, and a land area that diminishes that of the United States. Although it no longer demonstrates the breadth of cultural conglomeration existing in the era of Soviet existence, the Russian Federation provides for an interesting cultural examination, and will be the basis of this paper. Specifically, this paper will examine six different areas of culture noted by the Hofstede Centre's 6-D model; power distance, individualism, masculinity, uncertainty avoidance, pragmatism, and indulgence. A bar-graph of the various scorings of Russia by the standards of the Hofstede Centre to provide a visual representation of the information to be examined in this paper is provided below. Providing a cultural baseline also will assist the reader in examining a nation such as Russia, therefore the author has included cultural references and notations to the United States of America. As well, though it is outside the scope of this paper, a brief historical examination of different areas of Russia's culture will be offered, as to fully understand a nation's cultural existence and development, knowledge of its history is required. Power Distance The dimension of power distance, according to the Hofstede Centre, indicates that â€Å"[t]he extent to which the less powerful members within ... ...Soviet era, it will be of interest to examine these cultural markers and see if the nation will remain as it has throughout much of similar changes, or if Russia will truly redefine herself as the 21st century continues. References Hosking, G. (1997). Russia: People and empire. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. K., P. A. (2011). In this issue: Russia's special path. Russian Social Science Review, 52(6), 3. Kostenk, N. V. (2011). Information-culture styles in Russia and Ukraine. Sociological Research, 50(4), 57-86. Russia. (n.d.). In The Hofstede Centre. Web. January 28, 2015, from http://geert- hofstede.com/russia.html Schultze, S. (2000). Culture and customs of Russia. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press. United States. (n.d.). In The Hofstede Centre. Web. January 28, 2015, from http://geert-hofstede.com/united-states.html

Information to commit a crime Essay

The article from The Mail on Sunday spreads over 2/3s of a page. It is at first glance more interesting than the previous article because it contains a large color picture of Lord Archer and his wife, and a smaller picture of the book he has recently published. Articles with pictures beside them seize the reader’s attention. The caption under the picture of Archer and his wife reads ‘inside job:’ which suggests a crime has been committed from inside prison. ‘Inside job’ is a word used to refer to those who use their access to privileged information to commit a crime. It is an exaggerated and dramatic term to use, which will catch the reader’s interest. ‘Archer could pocket a fortune from his prison diary, left, which could ease his and wife Mary’s cash flow problems’ This sentence is intended to be humorous because it is sarcastic. The lord and lady are not expected to have any money troubles or ‘cash flow problems’. Humor is a method used by journalists to incite their readers. Also, here is introduced a motive for releasing the book that was not mentioned in the other article. However the article does not hold substantial evidence that this is true, and not just a conclusion drawn by the reporter for the purpose of obtaining public interest. The article says that this had been said by ‘sources close to the family’. Nevertheless it does go on to say that Archer recently paid out 2. 7 million to Express Newspapers. The Mail on Sunday article is similarly set out in columns. Unlike The Sunday Telegraph this article contains larger font for the first two paragraphs of the article. This is done because it contains the basis of the story and larger font stands out more. There is one enlarged quote, which reads ‘He simply put his memoirs in the post’. The reporter chose to enlarge this because it will surprise the readers. It is a controversial point: should Archer really have just been allowed to post his memoirs. The article uses language such as ‘far from smuggling the manuscript out ‘ which suggests this is what would have been expected. The article goes on to explain that prison authorities can check prisoners outgoing post and that they could have censored Archer’s book. This leaves the reader wondering why they allowed Archer’s book to get out. Could it be because he is a Lord and has high social status than the average prisoner? I think that is what the article is suggesting throughout. It does this because it wants to raise a point, make the readers think and get their attention. The language in this article uses more adjectives than the Sunday Telegraph article, examples of this are: Calls were made for Archer to be dealt with ‘harshly’. A spokesman ‘criticized’ the prison service. This has the effect of persuading to the reader to agree with the reporter’s point of view. Unlike the Sunday Telegraph article it refuses to sit on the fence. Both the articles are similar to each other in some of the ways they were written. For instance it is written like a story with intervening quotes and opinions from different people. Frances Crook says ‘anyone should have the right to free speech and free expression’. The article also stops to explain facts to the reader such as ‘letters or phone calls to or from the prison can be read’. The Mail on Sunday talks about many more different aspects relating to the story than the Sunday telegraph which chooses to stick to the main story. The Mail on Sunday article speaks of the ‘cash flow problem’. It explains what else has happened to Archer whilst he has been in prison, ‘used a weekend home leave to attend a champagne party’ and ‘lavish lunches with prison staff ‘. The word ‘lavish’ suggests to the reader that Archer is having an easy time, living the life of a high society, rich man. It is said because the reporter feels that Archer should not be treated as well as he is, because he is a criminal. It goes on to explain that these ‘breaches of prison rules’ has meant he has been transferred. The first paragraph of this article says Archer is ‘expected to escape any severe punishment’ for publishing his Prison Diaries. It also states that the diary is likely to net him at least 300,000. The word ‘escape’ suggests to the reader that Archer deserves a punishment and is getting out of it. The 300,000 is also a lot less than the 500,000 the Sunday Telegraph said Archer had gained. The effect of money written of in the first paragraph is also make the reader interested and angry that Archer has received so much money but will not be punished for his crime. The title stating that the punishment for Archer’s crime is to have his TV removed is not completely accurate. A prison service insider as one of a number of possible punishments mentioned it. The article picked up on this and enlarged its importance to capture reader’s attention because it sounds like a stupid and unfair punishment. The article also mentions that ‘under Prison Rule 55, Archer could have seven weeks added to his sentence’. However this is still a lot less than the ‘extra year’ mentioned in the other article. The two Newspaper articles were very similar in many ways because they were of the same type of media. I found the main differences between them were the main facts of their stories, the punishments disagreed with each other. They both used different techniques for get the readers attention. The purpose of this was to capture and maintain an interest in the article. The overall purpose is to sell newspapers, and make money. The Sunday Telegraph is known to be a more trustworthy newspaper than tabloids such as the Mail on Sunday. The article in the Sunday Telegraph was a straightforward news event and it had no signs of being biased. All the facts were presented The Mail on Sunday appealed more to people’s need for gossip and scandal, it tried to make the reader feel annoyed and shocked. This article was better at catching the reader’s eye because of the layout and bright pictures. I think the Mail on Sunday also did a better job of maintaining the reader’s interest because most people like to read about the more scandalous side of stories and it is more interesting when an article sways your emotions. The Sunday Telegraph, can be trusted to give a relatively non-biased true account but it is less interesting to read. The language in both articles was very similar; both used simple, factual writing backed up with quotes.

The Advantages and Disadvantages of Computer

I tend to agree that young children can be negatively affected by too much time spent on the computer every day. This is partly because sitting in front of the screen for too long can be damaging to both the eyes and the physical posture of a young child, regardless of what they are using the computer for. However, the main concern is about the type of computer activities that attract children. These are often electronic games that tend to be very intense and rather violent. The player is usually the hero of the game and too much exposure can encourage children to be self-centered an insensitive to others. Even when children use a computer for other purposes, such as getting information or emailing friends, it is no substitute for human interaction. Spending time with other children and sharing non- virtual experiences is an important part of a child's development that can't be provided by a computer. In spite of this, the obvious benefits of computer skills for young children cannot be denied. Their adult wold will be changing constantly in terms of technology and the internet is the key to all the knowledge and information available in the wold today. There fore it is important that children learn at an early age to use the equipment enthusiastically and with confidence as they will need these skills throughout their studies and working lives. I think the main point is to make sure that young children do not overuse computers. Parents must ensure that their children learn to enjoy other kinds of activity and not simply sit at home, learning to live in a virtual word.

buy custom Hone Tuwhare essay

buy custom Hone Tuwhare essay Hone Tuwhare published it in 1964. It was the best-selling poem. He was the first person of Maori ancestry in New Zealand to write a book in English. Since then he was a famous poet and wrote several other poems. The theme of the poem was the anti-nuclear theme. He metaphorically used the sun, which has natural radiation, to represent the bomb. The bomb is a nuclear radiation. The poems title shows that the author is very convinced that ordinary sun does not exist. He attempts to prove this in his poem. He claims that sun can never be ordinary since it is the main source of human survival. The metaphor of the sun and the nuclear bomb shows that the bomb can never be a natural radiation. He then uses a tree as a natural metaphor to represent the presence of human life on the planet. In the first line, tree let your arms fall, the author uses the tree arms to represent the manmade military. The rest of the first stanza shows the tree and the sun are at different hierarchy levels. The use of axe and fire is a signal that the tree should avoid its traditions. This shows that there is a documented problem between the tree and the sun. In the second stanza, the writer continues to show the hierarchical differences between the tree and the sun. The sun reveals of how the tree will be when it accomplishes its plans. It reveals of how the landscape will be when the nuclear explosion gets accomplished. The author says tree let your naked arms fall. This means that the tree cannot be the servant of the sun. The sun has won. The line the fading green of your fading emanations shall not make pure again reveals how awful the world will look after the bomb. These polluted skies shows the nuclear gases effect on the sky, as they will not be clear again. The repeated negations in the second, last, stanza represent the metaphor negating the title of the poem. It even ends the stanza with no ordinary sun. The line, sap shall not rise again, to the moons pull shows gravitational power between the earth and the cosmos coming to a halt. In the poem the relationship between the sun and the tree ceases to exist. As the writer concludes, the tree is no longer the metaphor for human. The writer fails to use metaphors. He shows how the unheeding humans figures turn to the monstrous power, oblivious of the damage it has done. In the last stanza, the use of shadowless mountains, White Plains and drag sea floors shows the effects of the nuclear attacks. The whole poem is also a metaphor to represent the nuclear bombings in Hiroshima and Nagasaki, Japan. The people got permanent scars on their bodies. The nuclear bomb had an effect on their genes. In the poem, the effects relate to the fading green trees and blue skies. Bus Journey South by Hone Tuwhare In the poem Bus Journey South, he shows how a confused Maori member is when he finds himself in the south, where there are no Maori people. He uses the metaphor of his ego getting crushed into pocket size Gulliver pebbles. In the story of the giaant man Gulliver, pebbles were so tiny that he could barely see them with his naked eyes. This metaphor shows how the writers confidence and self-esteem had been diminished. In the last part of the poem he says I suck my Gulliver pebble: spit it out again. Too much. The metaphor here reveals to us his amazement about his surroundings. He shows the extent when he says too much. Too much also serves as a colloquial expression. The metaphor that shows the subject is the first three lines of the poem where the mountains stand away at a distance, radar like tracking, cutting my ego, down to a pocket size Gulliver pebble. Author treats the mountains like living creatures. He therefore believes in animism. The bus belches away represents the sound of the bus moving as it changes gears. The writer looks behind and feels the sadness of leaving. This is underlined in metaphor when he says dead leaves lying lightly by the road rise, pirouette and collapse in a twinkling whirlpool of amber light. Normally this is how leaves behave when a car passes by. The whole poem appears as a metaphor. Its role is to show how the community in New Zealand was perceived. It is also evident that Hone used colloquial expressions in his poems. He uses other stylistic figures like allegory and humor to write his poems. The use of the metaphors in his poems shows that they are essential in writing of poems. He was, therefore, announced as a legendary poet. Hone Tuwhare died in 2008. His poems have been turned into songs by some famous musicians. Buy custom Hone Tuwhare essay

Gouverneur K. Warren - Civil War - Major General - Union Army

Gouverneur K. Warren - Civil War - Major General - Union Army Gouverneur K. Warren - Early Life Career: Born at Cold Spring, NY on January 8, 1830, Gouverneur K. Warren was named for a local Congressman and industrialist.   Raised locally, his younger sister, Emily, later married Washington Roebling and played a key role in the building of the Brooklyn Bridge.   A strong student, Warren obtained admission to West Point in 1846.   Traveling a short distance down the Hudson River, he continued to display his academic skills as a cadet.   Graduating second in the Class of 1850, Warren received a commission as a brevet second lieutenant in the Corps of Topographical Engineers.   In this role, he traveled west and aided in projects along the Mississippi River as well as helped plan routes for railroads. Serving as an engineer on Brigadier General William Harneys staff in 1855, Warren first experienced combat at the Battle of Ash Hollow during the First Sioux War.   In the wake of the conflict, he continued to survey the lands west of the Mississippi with the goal of determining a route for the transcontinental railroad.   Ranging through the Nebraska Territory, which included parts of modern-day Nebraska, North Dakota, South Dakota, Wyoming, and Montana, Warren helped create the first detailed maps of the region as well  as extensively surveyed the Minnesota River Valley.   Gouverneur K. Warren -  The Civil War Begins: A first lieutenant, Warren had returned east by 1861 and filled a post at West Point teaching mathematics.   With the beginning of the Civil War in April, he departed the academy and began aiding in raising a local regiment of volunteers.   Successful, Warren was appointed lieutenant colonel of the 5th New York Infantry on May 14.   Ordered to  Fortress Monroe, the regiment took part in Major General  Benjamin Butlers defeat at the Battle of Big Bethel on June 10.   Sent to Baltimore in late July, the  regiment aided in constructing fortifications on Federal Hill.   In  September, following the promotion of the 5th New Yorks commander, Colonel Abram Duryà ©e, to brigadier general, Warren assumed command of the regiment with the rank of colonel. Returning to the Peninsula in the spring of 1862, Warren advanced with Major General George B. McClellans Army of the Potomac and took part in the Siege of Yorktown.   During this time, he frequently assisted the armys chief topographical engineer, Brigadier General Andrew A. Humphreys, by conducting reconnaissance missions and drafting maps.   As the campaign progressed, Warren assumed command  of a brigade in Brigadier General George Sykes division of  V Corps.   On  June 27, he sustained a wound in the leg during the Battle of Gaines Mill, but remained in command.   As the Seven Days Battles progressed he again  saw action at the Battle of  Malvern Hill where his men aided in repelling Confederate assaults.   Gouverneur K. Warren -  Ascent to Command:   With the failure of the Peninsula Campaign, Warrens brigade returned north and saw action at the Second Battle of Manassas in late August.   In the fighting, his men were driven back by a massive assault from Major General James Longstreets corps.   Recovering, Warren and his command were present the following month at the Battle of Antietam but remained in reserve during the fighting.   Promoted to brigadier general on September 26, he continued to lead his brigade and returned to combat in December during the Union defeat at the Battle of Fredericksburg.   With the ascent of Major General Joseph Hooker to command of the Army of the Potomac in  early 1863, Warren received an assignment as the armys chief topographical engineer.   This soon saw him advance to become the  armys chief engineer. In May, Warren saw action at the Battle of Chancellorsville  and though  it resulted in a stunning  victory for General Robert E. Lees  Army of  Northern Virginia, he was commended for his performance in the campaign.   As Lee began moving north to invade Pennsylvania, Warren advised Hooker on the best routes for intercepting the enemy.   When Major General George G. Meade succeeded Hooker on June 28, he continued to  help direct the armys movements.   As the two armies clashed at the Battle of Gettysburg  on July 2, Warren recognized the importance of the heights at Little Round Top which was situated off the Union left.   Racing Union forces to the hill, his efforts just prevented Confederate  troops from seizing the  heights and turning Meades flank.   In the fighting, Colonel Joshua L. Chamberlains 20th Maine famously held the line against the attackers.  Ã‚  In recognition for his actions at Gettysburg, Warren received a promotion to major general o n August 8. Gouverneur K. Warren - Corps Commander: With this promotion, Warren assumed command of II Corps as  Major General Winfield S. Hancock had been badly wounded at Gettysburg.   In October, he led the corps to victory over Lieutenant General A.P. Hill at the Battle of Bristoe Station and showed skill and discretion  a month later during the Mine  Run Campaign.   In the spring of 1864, Hancock returned to active duty and the Army of the Potomac reorganized under guidance of Lieutenant General Ulysses S. Grant and Meade.   As a part of this, Warren received command of V Corps on March 23.   With the beginning of the Overland Campaign in May, his men saw extensive fighting during the Battles of the Wilderness and Spotsylvania Court House.   As Grant pushed south, Warren and the armys cavalry commander, Major General Philip Sheridan, repeatedly  clashed as the latter felt that the V Corps leader was too cautious.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   As the armies moved closer to Richmond, Warrens corps again saw action at Cold Harbor before shifting further south to enter the Siege of Petersburg.   In an effort to force the situation, Grant and Meade began extending Union lines south and west.   Moving as part of these operations, Warren won a victory over Hill at the Battle of Globe Tavern in August.   A month later, he achieved another success in the fighting around Peebles Farm.   During this time, Warrens relationship with Sheridan remained strained.   In February 1865, he saw substantial action at the Battle of Hatchers Run.   Following the Confederate defeat at the Battle of Fort Stedman in late March 1865, Grant instructed Sheridan to strike Confederate forces at the key crossroads of Five Forks.    Though Sheridan requested Major General Horatio G. Wrights VI Corps support the operation, Grant instead assigned V Corps as it was better positioned.   Aware of Sheridans issues with Warren, the Union leader gave the former permission to relieve him if the situation warranted.   Attacking on April 1, Sheridan soundly defeated enemy forces led by Major General George Pickett at the Battle of Five Forks.   In the fighting, he believed that V Corps moved too slowly and that Warren was out of position.   Immediately after the battle, Sheridan relieved Warren and replaced him with Major General Charles Griffin.    Gouverneur K. Warren - Later Career: Briefly sent to lead the Department of Mississippi, an irate Warren resigned his commission as a major general of volunteers on May 27 and reverted to his rank of major of engineers in the regular army.   Serving in the Corps of Engineers for the next seventeen years, he worked along the Mississippi River and aided in the construction of railroads.   During this time, Warren  repeatedly requested a court of inquiry into his actions at Five Forks in an effort to clear his reputation.   These were refused until Grant left the White House.   Finally, in 1879, President Rutherford B. Hayes ordered a court convened.   After extensive hearings and testimony, the court concluded that Sheridans actions had been unjustified.    Assigned to Newport, RI, Warren died there on August 8, 1882, three months before the courts findings were formally published.   Only fifty-two, the cause of death was listed as acute liver failure related to diabetes.   As per his wishes, he was buried locally in Island Cemetery with no military honors and wearing civilian clothes.    Selected Sources: Civil War Trust: Gouverneur K. WarrenCivil War: Gouverneur K. WarrenNNDB: Gouverneur K. Warren

Courage at work Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Courage at work - Essay Example Though the task was monumental for me at that early age, I gained courage and effectively rose to the big task that awaited me. I perfectly run the hospital well for two consecutive years. After completion of my first two years, an extremely critical decision that I have never faced in my entire career faced me. Overreact senior member in the ministry of health came knocking at my door with a hefty offer. The gentleman wanted me to append my signature as a sign of acceptance for the ministry to import Anti-revival drugs from United State. The deal showed that the government was importing first class drugs from United State. So the gentleman wanted to collude with me as a senior doctor so that he could import counterfeit drugs from China. There stood a conflicting situation on whether to agree to deal or to follow my conscious and act on the welfare of the patients. Luckily the urge inside me to protect the patient welfare won. I gained courage and disagreed to the deal. Luckily I tricked the officer, and I managed to record the conversation on my computer. After reputing the deal, I got demoted. I was transferred, to an exceedingly local dispensary in extremely remote area. However I did not regret my courageous action to protect the innocent patients who in the beginning of my professional I swore to. They successfully managed to forge their way though and luckily succeeded in importing the counterfeit drugs. Before they got distributed to relevant hospitals, the quality department issued an order to stop the distribution of drugs. A thorough research followed, and drugs were found to be counterfeit. I was asked to testify. I used the recorded conversation with the senior guy who had made me got demoted. The senior gentleman and his puppet who was appointed after my demotion lost their job. They were held by police for further investigation and prosecution.

What Factors did Account for South Africas 1994 Transition to Essay

What Factors did Account for South Africas 1994 Transition to Democracy - Essay Example This period was associated with racial, social, political and economic segregation which led to apartheid. On February 2nd 1990, President FW Clerk released a speech that hinted to a decisive moment in South Africa’s struggle for democracy (Decalo 7-35)1. The day is highly regarded by many South Africans as it marked the commissioning of the release of Nelson Mandela (11th of February) and other detainees who had been arrested in the process of the struggle. This paved way for open negotiations. South Africa had been going through long struggles for democracy in a sub-society that chiefly consisted of whites at the helm of leadership and power and non-white sub-society with little or no influence in governance matters. Factors that led to the transition in South Africa can be classified as both internal and external. In his book, Coups and Army Rule in Africa: Motivations and Constraints, Samuel Decalo, argues that the transitions that led to democratization in South Africa we re majorly internal. The democratic changes that occurred in SA are also linked to international factors. According to Sola Akinrinade and Amadu Sesay in their book Africa in the Post-Cold War International System (eds.) the external factor that influenced transition in South Africa includes democratization in Eastern Europe and the End of Cold War. ... The limited freedom of expression saw most opposition parties denied access to the media when conducting their political functions. The media content was normally dominated by news on the authoritarian governments. This had to be curbed with revolution being the only effective tool (Decalo 20).4 Another factor suggested by Decalo is the institutional factor (25-35).5 Most of the dynamics that characterized the negotiations were institutionalized in the post apartheid period. This led to a significant stability and consolidation of democracy. The rules, norms, formal and informal principles were widely accepted by the majority making the transition process possible. According to Decalo, the most crucial dynamic that underwent institutionalization is constitutionalism whereby all political groupings and civil organizations accepted the rule of law. The democratic changes that occurred in SA are also linked to international factors. According to Sola Akinrinade and Amadu Sesay in their book Africa in the Post-Cold War International System (eds.) the external factor that influenced transition in South Africa includes democratization in Eastern Europe and the End of Cold War. The end of World War II saw a rise in global political struggle for power between the United States and its associates from the West, and the Soviet Union and the Warsaw Pact, allies of the Soviet Union in Eastern Europe (Akinrinade & Sesay, 92-128).6 According to Akinrinade and Sesay (1998), the Eastern Europe group had less developed governments democratically and in the 1980s, the Soviet Union and its Eastern Europe allies went through vigorous democratic transitions, a period that also saw East and South East Asian countries leave